M.A. Akyol and B. Şahin [Conformal anti-invariant Riemannian maps to Kaehler manifolds, U.P.B. Sci. Bull., Series A , Vol. 80, Iss. 4, 2018] defined and studied the notion of conformal anti-invariant Riemannian maps to Kaehler manifolds. In this paper, as a generalization of totally real submanifolds and anti-invariant Riemannian maps, we extend this notion to almost contact metric manifolds. In this manner, we introduce conformal anti-invariant Riemannian maps from Riemannian manifolds to cosymplectic manifolds. In order to guarantee the existence of this notion, we give an non-trivial example, investigate the geometry of foliations which are arisen from the definition of a conformal Riemannian map and obtain decomposition theorems by using the existence of conformal Riemannian maps. Moreover, we investigate the harmonicity of such maps and find necessary and sufficient conditions for conformal anti-invariant Riemannian maps to be totally geodesic. Finally, we study weakly umbilical conformal Riemannian maps and obtain a classification theorem for conformal anti-invariant Riemannian maps.