Slatecalculation—A Practical Tool for Deriving Norm Minerals in the Lowest-Grade Metamorphic Pelites and Roof Slates

Wagner, Hans Wolfgang; Jung, Dieter; Wagner, Jean-Frank; Wagner, Matthias Patrick

doi:10.3390/min10050395

Cited by 3 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The basic calculations of the algorithm, fundamental norm minerals, and chemical formulas are described in a very simplified form below (quoted from [9], detailed flowchart see Appendix A):…”

Section: Slatenorm and Slatecalculation Norm In Generalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A positive aq value is a basis for the hydro-micas calculation (see steps of calculation 40-60 in Appendix A). The original values, as well as the results of calculation steps 9 (Al 2 O 3 and SiO 2 ) and 17 or 19 (in Appendix A) (MgO and FeO), are used as the starting point (Quoted from [9]):…”

Section: The Calculation Of Hydro-micas (Ill = Illite and Br = Bramma...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The slatenorm and the slatecalculation norm are used for fine-grained sedimentary rocks and very low and low-grade metamorphic rocks, such as shales, slates, and phyllites [9]. As new methods, they are dealt with in great detail here.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Normative Mineralogy Especially for Shales, Slates, and Phyllites

Wagner¹

2022

Mineralogy

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First, an insight into normative mineralogy and the most important methods for calculating the standard or norm minerals, such as the CIPW norm, is given. This is followed by a more detailed explanation of “slatenorm” and “slatecalculation” for low and very low metamorphic rocks, such as phyllites, slates, and shales. They are particularly suitable for fine-grained rocks where the mineral content is difficult to determine. They enable the determination of a virtual mineral inventory from full chemical analysis, including the values of carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon (C), and sulfur (S). The determined norm or standard minerals include the minerals—feldspars, carbonates, micas, hydro-micas, chlorites, ore minerals, and quartz. The advantages of slatenorm and slatecalculation compared to other methods for calculating normal minerals of sedimentary rocks are discussed.

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Section: Slatenorm and Slatecalculation Norm In Generalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Calculation Of Hydro-micas (Ill = Illite and Br = Bramma...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Normative Mineralogy Especially for Shales, Slates, and Phyllites

Wagner¹

2022

Mineralogy

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“…Petrology gives general information about the mechanical performance of the slate shingle, while color gives information about the average mineralogy. Other roofing slate classifications have been proposed based on commercial qualities [3]. Although the manufacturing process is rather simple, the mining requirements are quite specific [4], meaning that roofing slate outcrops are rather scarce worldwide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship between Surface Roughness, Capillarity and Mineral Composition in Roofing Slates

et al. 2020

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Roofing slates are a category of building stones which have a very distinctive feature: High fissility, which allows them to be split into tiles that are thin, regular and large. There are several types of roofing slates, depending on their lithology. The four main lithologies are low-grade slates, slates stricto sensu, phyllites, and mica-schist. Occasionally, other rocks such as quartzites, serpentinites, or shales, can also be used as roofing slates. Roofing slates must ensure waterproofing, a quality that depends on both the rock and the installation. Installation must therefore take into account parameters such as the pitch, orientation, and overlap of the tiles in order to avoid capillarity, which could jeopardize waterproofing. These parameters are usually included in installation manuals. However, despite the fact that roughness is a parameter known to have an important effect on capillarity, it has never been thoroughly analyzed. Roughness varies depending on the type of roofing slate, but installation manuals do not take this factor into account. This study has measured surface roughness in different types of roofing slates using a laser scanner and determined the capillarity values along and across the grain direction. Furthermore, the role of dissolved salts in capillarity has likewise been studied.

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Normative Mineralogy of 1170 Soil Profiles across Canada

2023

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Weathering of soil minerals provides base cations that buffer against acidity, and nutrients that support plant growth. In general, direct observations of soil minerals are rare; however, their abundance can be determined indirectly through soil geochemistry using normative-calculation procedures. This study compiled a data set of major oxide content from published and archived soil geochemical observations for 1170 sites across Canada (averaged over the soil profile [A, B, and C horizons], weighted by depth and bulk density to a maximum depth of 50 cm). Quantitative soil mineralogy (wt%) was systematically determined at each site using the normative method, ‘Analysis to Mineralogy’ (A2M); the efficacy of the approach was evaluated by comparison to X-ray Diffraction (XRD) mineralogy available for a subset of the study sites. At these sites, predicted A2M mineralogy was significantly related to estimated XRD, showing a strong linear relationship for plagioclase, quartz, and K-feldspar, and a moderate linear relationship for chlorite and muscovite. Further, the predicted A2M plagioclase content was almost identical to the estimated XRD soil mineralogy, showing no statistical difference. The Canada-wide predicted quantitative soil mineralogy was consistent with the underlying bedrock geology, such as in north-western Saskatchewan and north-eastern Alberta, which had high amounts of quartz due to the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin. Other soil minerals (plagioclase, potassium feldspar, chlorite, and muscovite) varied greatly in response to changing bedrock geology across Canada. Normative approaches, such as A2M, provide a reliable approach for national-scale determination of quantitative soil mineralogy, which is essential for the assessment of soil weathering rates.

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Slatecalculation—A Practical Tool for Deriving Norm Minerals in the Lowest-Grade Metamorphic Pelites and Roof Slates

Cited by 3 publications

References 6 publications

Normative Mineralogy Especially for Shales, Slates, and Phyllites

Normative Mineralogy Especially for Shales, Slates, and Phyllites

The Relationship between Surface Roughness, Capillarity and Mineral Composition in Roofing Slates

Normative Mineralogy of 1170 Soil Profiles across Canada

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