Slaughter value and meat quality of Muscovy ducks, Pekin ducks and their crossbreeds, and evaluation of the heterosis effect

Abstract

Slaughter value and meat quality of Muscovy ducks, Pekin ducks and their crossbreeds, and evaluation of the heterosis effect AbstractThe studies were conducted on 200 Muscovy ducks, 100 Pekin ducks of the A-44 strain and 200 their crossbreeds (sex ratio: 1:1). The ducks were fed complete commercial diets, appropriate for respective species. Slaughter and slaughter value estimation were performed at the age of: 7 weeks -for males and females of the A-44 strain, 10 weeks -for Muscovy females, and 12 weeks -for Muscovy males and crossbreeds (♂ and ♀). Analysis of the chemical composition, physicochemical properties and sensory properties of meat was made on breast muscles. The heterosis effect on the slaughter value and meat quality was additionally estimated in hybrids. The highest live body weights were reported for Mucovy drakes (4450 g), and the lowest -for ducks from this genetic group (ca. 2400 g). The crossbreeds were characterized by average body weights (2980 g), but the highest relative meatiness (ca. 54%) and the lowest fatness (ca. 20%) of carcasses. The best sensory properties were reported for muscles of ducks of the A-44 strain. A favorable heterosis effect was observed in crossbreeds: positive in relation to meatiness and negative in relation to fatness, undesirable in the customers' opinion. No favorable heterosis effect was noted in most meat quality traits.

Changes in selected physicochemical parameters of breast muscles of geese from Polish conservation flocks depending on duration of the post slaughter period

“…From the point of view of breeding maintaining genetically diversified conservative flocks of birds is necessary to give rise to genetic variation in the selected populations (KSIĄŻKIEWICZ, 2003). These conservative flocks were used in the development of new breeding and experimental strains and synthetic lines as well as in the search for heterosis effects in commercial sets (KISIEL and KSIĄŻKIEWICZ, 2004;WAWRO et al, 2004;WOŁOSZYN et al, 2006). The world's genetic resources conservation programme currently includes 11 Polish goose populations maintained in Poland, including Suwałki geese -Su, Kartuzy geese -Ka, Kielce geese -Ki and Subcarpathian geeseSb (http://bioroznorodnosc.izoo.krakow.pl/gesi).…”

Attempts for optimisation of foie gras and meat production from Mulard drakes

“…This live weight was within the optimum range recommended for beginning of force-feeding and guarantees a high-quality produce. Wawro et al (9) reported final male mullards body weight of 3.150 kg at 12 weeks of age. Salichon et al (10) and Beaza (11) …”

Efek Heterosis Berbagai Penampilan Tiktok Jantan Dan Betina

“…Penampilan yang berhubungan dengan produksi pada umumnya heterosis positif, sedang penampilan reproduksi pada umumnya heterosis efek negatif (Cassady et al, 2002). Dalam usaha untuk memperbaiki aktivitas diastatik gen yang memunculkan efek heterosis yang dikehendaki, perlu dilakukan seleksi secara ketat dan berulang pada kedua tetuanya terhadap sifat yang akan digabungkan, untuk memperoleh kedua tetua yang betul-betul baik dalam memunculkan heterosis yang baik pula (Cassady et al, 2002;Wawro et al, 2004;Baeza, 2006).…”

“…Besarnya efek heterosis kualitas daging sangat ditentukan oleh kombinasi antara genetik kedua tetuanya yang didukung oleh usia dan nutrisi pakan yang diberikan (Baeza, 2006). Efek heterosis yang berasal dari efek genetik non aditif (dominan, over dominan, epistasis) yang selalu lebih nampak (Wawro et al, 2004). Empat jenis itik yang mempunyai urutan berat badan pada umur 10 minggu, dari terberat yaitu itik cherry-valley, entok, jinding dan sumuma oleh Wen-lin et al (2009) disilangkan antara entok dengan itik cherry-valley, jinding dan sumuma.…”