Sleep and Epilepsy: What We Know, Don’t Know, and Need to Know

Foldvary‐Schaefer, Nancy; Grigg-Damberger, Madeleine

doi:10.1097/01.wnp.0000206877.90232.cb

Cited by 123 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 174 publications

(244 reference statements)

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“…Sleep is known to promote interictal and ictal EEG discharges in temporal lobe epilepsy (Foldvary-Schaefer and Grigg-Damberger, 2006). However, no information in the literature describes the effect of sleep on ictal discharges.…”

Section: R D Buechler Et Almentioning

confidence: 95%

Ictal scalp EEG recording during sleep and wakefulness: Diagnostic implications for seizure localization and lateralization

Buechler¹,

Rodríguez²,

Lahr

et al. 2007

Epilepsia

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Section: R D Buechler Et Almentioning

confidence: 95%

Ictal scalp EEG recording during sleep and wakefulness: Diagnostic implications for seizure localization and lateralization

Buechler¹,

Rodríguez²,

Lahr

et al. 2007

Epilepsia

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“…Antiepileptic medications (AEDs) affect sleep organization in highly variable ways and the reader is referred to a comprehensive review for details (Foldvary-Schaefer et al, 2006). Of note, the newer AEDs appear to have beneficial effects on sleep, with lamotrigine showing an increase or no change in REM sleep, as well as reduced arousals and stage shifts, and gabapentin increasing slow-wave sleep in normal adults.…”

Section: Effects Of Antiepileptic Drugs and Other Therapies On Sleepmentioning

confidence: 99%

The interaction between sleep and epilepsy

Malow

2007

Epilepsia

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SUMMARYSleep and epilepsy are interrelated. Understanding the relationship between epilepsy and sleep is important for optimizing management of the epilepsy patient in several ways. First, sleep modulates the expression of epileptic seizures and interictal epileptiform discharges. Second, epilepsy and its treatment influence sleep organization and daytime alertness, and may contribute to, or ameliorate, sleep disorders. Finally, treatment of a coexisting sleep disorder may improve seizure control, daytime alertness, and health-related quality of life. In this article, aspects related to the interrelationship of sleep and epilepsy will be discussed and the model of how sleep can interact with a neurological disorder will be illustrated. KEY WORDS: Interictal epileptiform discharges, Seizures, Non-rapid eye movement sleep, Obstructive sleep apnea, Treatments. EFFECTS OF SLEEP ON INTERICTAL EPILEPTIFORM DISCHARGES AND EPILEPTIC SEIZURESSleep state influences seizures and interictal epileptiform discharges. Non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep has been characterized as a state of relative "neuronal synchronization," characterized by coordinated synaptic activity, in which recruitment of a critical mass of neurons needed to initiate and sustain a seizure occurs (Steriade et al., 1994). Cholinergic and monoaminergic brainstem afferents reduce firing rates producing progressive hyperpolarization in thalamocortical relay neurons, which is maximal in NREM stages 3 and 4 sleep. During rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, cortical activation occurs when cholinergic brainstem afferents increase firing rates producing depolarization in thalamocortical relay neurons. A variety of epilepsy syndromes occur predominantly or exclusively during NREM sleep. One of the most striking examples is the syndrome of continuous spike-wave activity during slow-wave sleep (CSWS), defined by having an EEG pattern consisting of generalized slow-spike-wave discharges present for 85-90% of slow-wave sleep and relatively suppressed during REM sleep and wakefulness. Interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) are more common in NREM sleep than in REM sleep (Sammaritano et al.,

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“…Antiepileptic drugs also can impair sleep efficiency and sleep latency, and alter the time spent in various sleep stages (32)(33)(34). However, the interaction between the underlying epileptic state, seizures, and interictal EEG abnormalities is complex, making it difficult to determine the role antiepileptic drugs play in sleep.…”

Section: The Epilepsy-sleep Connection: How Sleep Disorders Influencementioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep and Epilepsy: A Summary of the 2011 Merritt-Putnam Symposium

et al. 2013

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Lennox and Lennox, 1960 (1) Despite the long history of sleep and epilepsy research, the relationship between the two remains poorly understood (2, 3). An abundance of evidence suggests a bidirectional relationship between sleep and epilepsy, where sleep disorders are common comorbidities in individuals with epilepsy; and sleep, slow-wave sleep (SWS) in particular, may provide a physiological milieu for epileptiform activity. Sleep is also critical in postencoding evolution including a range of sleep-dependent memory processes, from simple stabilization of memories to the discovery of insights. The chronobiology of sleep results in the need to understand the chronopharmacology of antiepileptic drug therapy in individuals with epilepsy. At the 2011 Merritt-Putnam Symposium, the dynamic symbiotic relationship between sleep and epilepsy was explored. Objectives of the symposium were to 1) identify distinguishing clinical and EEG features of nocturnal seizures and parasomnias, which allow accurate diagnosis; 2) understand how sleep disturbances can exacerbate epilepsy and epilepsy can adversely alter sleep; 3) review common pathophysiological mechanisms between sleep and epilepsy; 4) recognize the consequences of nocturnal seizures and epileptiform discharges on cognition; and 5) learn to manage nocturnal seizures and epileptiform activity using current treatment options. The symposium addressed one of the NIH research benchmarks: Area III: Prevent, limit, and reverse the comorbidities associated with epilepsy and its treatment (4). Specifically, the topics aimed to prevent or limit other adverse consequences occurring in people with epilepsy, identify the range and

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Sleep and Epilepsy: What We Know, Don’t Know, and Need to Know

Cited by 123 publications

References 174 publications

Ictal scalp EEG recording during sleep and wakefulness: Diagnostic implications for seizure localization and lateralization

Ictal scalp EEG recording during sleep and wakefulness: Diagnostic implications for seizure localization and lateralization

The interaction between sleep and epilepsy

Sleep and Epilepsy: A Summary of the 2011 Merritt-Putnam Symposium

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