Sleep Disorders and Behavioural Problems among 8- to 11-Year-Old Children. Schlafstorungen und Verhaltensprobleme bei 8-11 Jahre alten Kindern

Abstract

Question of the study To assess the prevalence of sleep disorders in 8-to 11-year-old children and their relation to behavioural problems. Study design A population based, cross-sectional survey was carried out among fourthgrade elementary school children in Cologne, Germany. A total of 8599 children were enrolled. Parent-completed and children-completed questionnaires were used to ascertain sleep disorders and behavioural problems. Results In all, 4531 questionnaires were completed. Parent-reported sleep onset delays were frequent with 6 % of the children, problems to sleep through the night with 3 %, daytime sleepiness with 1 %. Children-reported sleep onset delays were frequent with 10 %, problems to sleep through the night with 6 %, and daytime sleepiness with 3 %. Children with these sleep disorders and daytime sleepiness had an increased risk of emotional problems, hyperactivity, conduct problems, peer problems, and social difficulties compared with children without sleep disorders or daytime sleepiness. Conclusions Sleep disorders are common among 8-to 11-year-old children. To assess the prevalence of sleep disorders among school children, parent-completed and childrencompleted questionnaires are necessary. Sleep onset delays, problems to sleep through the night, and daytime sleepiness among children are associated with an increased risk of behavioural problems.Keywords hyperactivity -SDQ -daytime sleepiness -environmental factorsepidemiological data. ZusammenfassungFragestellung Untersuchung der Prävalenz von Schlafstörungen bei 8-11 Jahre alten Kindern und deren Auswirkung auf Verhaltensprobleme. Studiendesign Es wurde eine populations-bezogene Querschnittsuntersuchung bei allen Kinder der 4. Grundschulklasse in Köln durchgeführt. 8599 Kinder waren einbezogen. Eltern-und Kinderfragebögen wurden eingesetzt, um Schlafstörungen und Verhaltensprobleme zu erfassen. Ergebnisse 4531 Fragebögen wurden vollständig ausgefüllt. Von den Eltern berichtete Einschlafstörungen waren häufig bei 6 % der Kinder, Durchschlafstörungen bei 3 %, Tagesmüdigkeit bei 1 %. Nach Kinderangaben waren Einschlafstörungen häufig bei 10 %, Durchschlafstörungen bei 6 % und Tagesmüdigkeit bei 3 %. Kinder mit Ein-und Durchschlafstörungen und Tagesmüdigkeit hatten ein erhöhtes Risiko für emotionale Probleme, Hyperaktivität, Verhaltensprobleme, Probleme mit Gleichaltrigen und fehlendes prosoziales Verhalten im Vergleich mit Kindern ohne Schlafstörungen und Tagesmüdigkeit.

Prevalence of Sleep Disorders Among Children 4 - 6 Years Old in Tehran Province, Iran

“…For children, socioeconomic status is associated with sleep and insomnia duration ( 40 ). Living conditions in less developed urban areas, with poor hygiene, poverty, and low income, can lead to sleep disorders ( 41 ).…”

Prevalence of Sleep Problems and Relationship between Sleep Problems and School Refusal Behavior in School-Aged Children in Children's and Parents' Ratings

“…Sleep problems are frequent in children and adolescents [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]. Kahn et al [6] surveyed 1,000 (972 were completed and could be used for statistical analysis) elementary school children from the third, fourth, and fifth grades and discovered that sleep difficulties lasting more than a few months were present in 43% of the children.…”

Association Between Sleep Habits/Disorders and Emotional/Behavioral Problems Among Japanese Children

“…The Japanese version of the BCSQ has been con rmed for reliability and validity. 26 Three-way frequency assessments (1: rare [1 day/week or less]; 2: occasionally [2-4 days/week]; 3: almost always [5-7 days/week]) were used to evaluate four symptoms at bedtime ( [1] child falls asleep with rocking or rhythmic movements, [2] child needs special object to fall asleep [doll, special blanket, etc. ], [3] child resists going to bed at bedtime, and [4] child is afraid of sleeping in the dark), nine symptoms during sleep ( [5] child talks during sleep, [6] child is restless and moves a lot during sleep, [7] child sleepwalks during the night, [8] child grinds teeth during sleep, [9] child snores loudly, [10] child seems to stop breathing during sleep, [11] child snorts and/or gasps during sleep, [12] child awakens during the night screaming, sweating, and inconsolable, [13] child awakens alarmed by a frightening dream), ve symptoms at wake time ( [14] child wakes up in a negative mood, [15] child has di culty getting out of bed in the morning, [16] child takes a long time to become alert in the morning, [17] child wakes up very early in the morning, [18] child has a good appetite in the morning), and one symptom during the day ( [19] child suddenly falls asleep in the middle of active behavior) (see Table S1).…”

“…Sleep plays an important role in child development. In addition to being associated with childhood body growth, 1 behavior, 2 and emotion, 3 sleep is also closely related to cognitive function, 4 school behavioral assessment, 5,6 and cautioning by teachers about behavior. 7 A recent systematic review of sleep habits (i.e., sleep onset time, wake time, and total sleep time [TST]) of children aged 0 to 12 years reported that children aged 6 to 12 years have an average sleep time of 9 hours and 12 minutes, with the sleep time of children in Asian countries, including Japan, approximately 1 hour shorter than that of children in other countries.…”