Sleep disorders and risk of dementia in patients with new‐onset type 2 diabetes: A nationwide population‐based cohort study

Abstract

Background: This study examined the relationship between sleep disorders and the risk of dementia in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. Methods: This study used the Korean Health Screening Cohort data and included 39 135 subjects aged ≥40 years with new-onset type 2 diabetes between 2004 and 2007, with follow-up throughout 2013. Sleep disorders were measured by F51(sleep disorders not due to a substance or known physiological condition) or G47(sleep disorders) under International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) codes as a primary diagnosis, and the adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) and 95% CI of all-cause dementia, Alzheimer disease, vascular dementia, and other dementia were estimated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models. Results: In the patients with type 2 diabetes with an age range between 42 and 84 years (M = 57.8, SD = 9.5), this study identified 2059 events of dementia during an average follow-up time of 5.7 years. In patients with type 2 diabetes, subjects with sleep disorders were associated with an increased risk of all-cause dementia (AHR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.19-1.80), Alzheimer disease (AHR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.02-1.88), and other dementia (AHR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.23-2.31) compared to those without sleep disorders. Men (AHR, 1.93; 95% CI, 1.42-2.62) and older adults (AHR, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.35-2.15) with sleep disorders were associated with an increased risk of dementia than their counterparts without sleep disorders among patients with type 2 diabetes. Conclusions: These findings suggest that sleep disorders are significantly associated with an increased risk of dementia in patients with new-onset type 2 diabetes.

Test-retest reliability of the questionnaire on the screening of sleep disorders

“…The study among the Korean community found that sleep disorders among patients with type 2 diabetes increase the risk of dementia compared to those without sleep disorders (Jin & Choi, 2021).…”

“…Seven different self-report questionnaires, including Auckland Sleep Questionnaire (ASQ), Global Sleep Assessment Questionnaire (GSAQ), Holland Sleep Disorders Questionnaire (HSDQ), Iowa Sleep Disturbances Inventory (ISDI), Sleep Disorders Questionnaire (SDQ), SLEEP-50, and Sleep Symptom Checklist (SSC) of sleep disorders, reported that to compare with other measurements only GCAQ is feasible to use in the general population at the primary care level, with a suggestion of some further development (Klingman et al, 2017). Moreover, sleep disorders among Korean samples were measured by non-organic and organic sleep disorders according to the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Edition (ICD-10) (Jin & Choi, 2021). In the study of the general population of Finland, insomnia and sleep habits were measured by the International Classification of Sleep Disorders (ICSD) (Ohayon & Partinen, 2002).…”

Treatment of insomnia based on the mechanism of pathophysiology by acupuncture combined with herbal medicine: A review

“…Insomnia increases exposure to many risks, including obesity, [40] type 2 diabetes, [40] cardiovascular disease [41] and even an increased risk of suicide. [42] Notably, poor sleep quality is a much stronger predictor of future health problems than short sleep duration.…”