Sleep Disorders in Individuals With High Risk for Diabetes in Indian Population

Abstract

Background: Sleep restores physiology and neurochemical components of our body and is essential for physical and mental health. Sleep disorders (SDs) are associated with insulin resistance and metabolic disorders. The association between SDs and diabetes needs to be understood in the Indian population. Purpose: The purpose was to investigate the association between SD and diabetes in the Indian population. Methods: As a part of nationwide Niyantrita Madhumeha Bharata Abhiyaan-2017 (NMB-2017), a cross-sectional study was conducted and data was collected from seven zones of India, after screening through the Indian Diabetes Risk Score (IDRS). The sleep quality was assessed on a scale of 1 to 4 (very good = 1, very bad = 4). The time taken to fall asleep (sleep latency) was assessed on a scale of 0 to 5 (“0” = nil and “5” = >1.5 h). Stress was assessed by the perceived stress scale. Results: Bad sleep quality was positively (odds ratio 1.055, CI [1.001, 1.113], and P < .01) associated with self-reported known diabetes. Increased time taken to fall in sleep (sleep latency) was associated significantly with IDRS high risk (odds ratio 1.085, CI [1.008, 1.168], and P = .01), with an average sleep latency /time takes to fall in sleep (maximum range 5 [>1.5 h], mode 2 [10 to 30 min]) minutes. Moderate stress was significantly associated with bad sleep quality (odds ratio 1.659). Conclusion: A positive association of bad sleep quality and stress with diabetes, and an increased sleep latency in the IDRS high-risk population point to the role of modifiable risk factors. Behavioral modification and stress reduction by using yoga may be beneficial in the better management of diabetes.

Path Analysis on the Effect of Stress, Sleep Quality, and Hypertension on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Incidence in the 30–60 years Age Group in Medan City

“…Stressful conditions that reduce sleep quality or duration, or both, can reduce insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance, leading to development of type 2 DM. Maity et al, (2020) The study also showed that difficulty maintaining sleep (OR=3.50; 95% CI=1.30-9.45) and waking up too early in the morning (OR=2.69; 95% CI=1.21 -5.98) experienced up to five times a month significantly increases the risk of prediabetes (Engeda et al, 2013).…”

“…Prolonging sleep latency also had a significant effect on increasing the risk of type 2 DM (OR=1.085; 95% CI=1.008-1.168; p=0.010) (Maity et al, 2020). A prospective cohort study conducted on 241,949 adults in Australia found that a sleep duration of less than 6 hours significantly increased the risk of type 2 DM compared with a sleep duration of 7 hours per night even after excluding confounding factors (HR=1.29; 95% CI =1.08-1.53; p=0.004).…”

The Impact of Sleep on Haematological Parameters in Firefighters

“…Disruptions to this essential biological need can significantly impact various aspects of health [ 45 , 46 , 47 ]. Recent epidemiological studies have revealed that sleep deprivation can lead to physiological changes that increase the risk of chronic diseases [ 41 , 42 , 43 ], including hypertension [ 41 , 44 , 48 ] (HT), coronary heart disease [ 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 ] (CHD), and diabetes mellitus (DM) [ 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 ]. Meeting optimal levels of sleep was proven to have survival benefits and reduce the risk of all-cause mortality while, in turn, providing a better quality of life [ 43 , 57 ].…”

General health Status and Tridosha analysis of urban high-risk Diabetes after 3-month Diabetes Yoga Protocol: a pilot study

“…Quality of life depends on several lifestyle habits which can increase the risk of diabetes. Studies showed that inadequate sleep and worse sleep quality increase the risk of diabetes (11). As diabetes is a metabolic disorder our diet pattern plays an important role in diabetes.…”