Sleep Duration and Health in Young Adults

Steptoe, Andrew; Peacey, Victoria; Wardle, Jane

doi:10.1001/archinte.166.16.1689

Cited by 358 publications

(286 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Short sleep was also associated with being single and long working hours, whilst long sleep was also associated with low physical activity levels, pregnancy and ethnicity. These findings extend on smaller scale and less comprehensive community based studies (Mallon et al, 2002, Heslop et al, 2003, Adams, 2006, Gottlieb et al, 2006, Patel et al, 2006a, Patel et al, 2006b, Steptoe et al, 2006and Stranges et al, 2008 in identifying factors associated with short and long sleep.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Factors associated with short and long sleep

Magee

Iverson

Caputi

2009

Preventive Medicine

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Objective: Short (< 7 h) and long sleep durations (≥ 9 h) have recently been linked with increased mortality in the US, Europe and Asia, but little is known about the sleep patterns of Australian adults. The present study examined the sleep habits of Australian adults and identified socio-demographic and health-related factors associated with short and long sleep. Methods: This study analyzed cross-sectional and self-reported data from 49,405 Australian adults aged 45 to 65 years collected between 2006 and 2008. Socio-demographic and health-related factors were entered into multinomial logistic regression models predicting self-reported sleep duration. Results: Short and long sleep were reported by 16.6% and 13.9% of participants respectively. Short sleep was associated with long working hours (odds ratio [OR] = 1.17, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.08, 1.28) and obesity (OR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.19, 1.41); long sleep was associated with recent treatment for cancer (OR = 1.64, 95% CI: 1.34, 2.02) and heart attack/angina (OR = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.19, 2.09). Conclusions: Short and long sleep were common in this sample of middle aged Australian adults. The determinants of short sleep have potential public health implications and could be targeted to prevent morbidity and mortality associated with short sleep. confidence interval (CI): 1.08, 1.28) and obesity (OR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.19, 1.41); long sleep was associated with recent treatment for cancer (OR = 1.64, 95% CI: 1.34, 2.02) and heart attack/angina (OR = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.19, 2.09). Conclusions: Short and long sleep were common in this sample of middle aged Australian adults. The determinants of short sleep have potential public health implications and could be targeted to prevent morbidity and mortality associated with short sleep.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Factors associated with short and long sleep

Magee

Iverson

Caputi

2009

Preventive Medicine

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“…Typically, optimal sleep duration (7-8 hr per night; Ferrara & DeGennaro, 2001) is reported among individuals with high levels of income, education, and occupational status (Krueger & Friedman, 2009;Stranges et al, 2008). This coincides with the Yerkes-Dodson principle (U-shaped pattern) that those with optimal sleep duration (neither too short nor too long) have decreased susceptibility to adverse health consequences (Ayas et al, 2004;Spiegel et al, 1999;Steptoe et al, 2006;Ursin et al, 2005). Together, these findings suggest that low subjective SEP is associated with both short (this study) and long sleep duration (Patel et al, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Inadequate sleep adversely influences multiple physiological processes important in health outcomes, including immune functioning, glucose intolerance, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, obesity, and cardiovascular disease (Ayas et al, 2004;Spiegel, Leproult & Van Cauter, 1999;Steptoe, Peacey, & Wardle, 2006).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A subjective SEP gradient exists for a range of health outcomes, including poorer psychological functioning (depression, negative affect, pessimism, reported stress, and general health ratings; Adler et al, 2000;Operario et al, 2004;Ostrove et al, 2000;Singh-Manoux et al, 2003), impaired physiological functioning (resting heart rate, body mass index, waist circumference, cortisol levels, vulnerability to upper respiratory infection, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome; Adler et al, 2000;Cohen et al, 2008;Manuck, Phillips, Gianaros, Flory, & Muldoon, 2010;Phillips, Neumann, Flory, Muldoon, & Manuck, 2007;Singh-Manoux et al, 2003;Wright & Steptoe, 2005), and even mortality (Kopp, Skrabski, Kawachi, & Adler, 2005;Singh-Manoux et al, 2003). It is interesting to note that inadequate sleep has been suggested as a potential culprit in the aetiology and maintenance of many of these conditions (Ayas et al, 2004;Spiegel et al, 1999;Steptoe et al, 2006). Few studies have examined the relation between subjective SEP and sleep.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Objective and Subjective Socioeconomic Gradients Exist for Sleep Quality, Sleep Latency, Sleep Duration, Weekend Oversleep, and Daytime Sleepiness in Adults

Jarrin

McGrath

Silverstein

et al. 2013

Behavioral Sleep Medicine

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Socioeconomic gradients exist for multiple health outcomes. Lower objective socioeconomic position (SEP), whether measured by income, education, or occupation, is associated with inadequate sleep. Less is known about whether one's perceived ranking of their social status, or subjective SEP, affects sleep. This study examined whether a subjective socioeconomic gradient exists for sleep while controlling for objective SEP. Participants (N = 177; age, M = 45.3 years, SD = 6.3 years) completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, MacArthur Ladder, and other self-report measures to assess sleep and objective SEP. Subjective SEP trumped objective SEP as a better predictor of sleep duration, daytime sleepiness, and weekend oversleep. These findings highlight the need to expand our framework to better understand the mechanisms underlying socioeconomic gradients and sleep.It is well established that a socioeconomic gradient exists for multiple health outcomes, even after adjusting for known risk factors. Adults of lower socioeconomic position (SEP) report more frequent acute and chronic physical (e.g., insomnia) and mental problems (e.g., depression), as well as poorer quality of life, compared to adults of higher SEP (Adler et al

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“…Interestingly, studies have shown that both short sleep duration, defined as sleeping ≤6 h per night, and long sleep duration, defined as sleeping ≥9 h, may be associated with many health outcomes, including total mortality (Gallicchio et al, 2009;Cappuccio et al, 2010b), cardiovascular disease (Ferrie et al, 2007;Meisinger et al, 2007;Ikehara et al, 2009;Stone et al, 2009), type 2 diabetes (Cappuccio et al, 2010a), hypertension (Guo et al, 2013), obesity (Cappuccio et al, 2008;Stranges et al, 2008a) and poor self-rated health (Steptoe et al, 2006), as well as cancers (Yang et al, 2013). Two studies reported a U-shaped association between sleep duration and cancer risk (Jiao et al, 2013;Zhang et al, 2013); whereas other studies did not reveal such an association (Kakizaki et Hao Zhao 1,2,3& , Jie-Yun Yin 2& , Wan-Shui Yang 1 , Qin Qin 2 , Ting-Ting Li 2 , Yun Shi 2 , Qin Deng 1 , Sheng Wei 2 , Li Liu 2 *, Xin Wang 1 *, Shao-Fa Nie 2 * von Ruesten et al, 2012), or only found a null association (Verkasalo et al, 2005;McElroy et al, 2006;Pinheiro et al, 2006;Sturgeon et al, 2012;Luo et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep Duration and Cancer Risk: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Prospective Studies

Zhao¹,

Yin²,

Yang³

et al. 2013

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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To assess the risk of cancers associated with sleep duration using meta-analysis of published cohort studies, we performed a comprehensive search using PubMed, Embase and Web of Science through October 2013. We combined hazard ratios (HRs) from individual studies using meta-analysis approaches. A random effect dose-response analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between sleep duration and cancer risk. Subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses were also performed. Publication bias was evaluated using Funnel plots and Begg's test. A total of 13 cohorts from 12 studies were included in this meta-analysis, which included 723, 337 participants with 15, 156 reported cancer outcomes during a follow-up period ranging from 7.5 to 22 years. The pooled adjusted HRs were 1.06 (95% CI: 0.92, 1.23; P for heterogeneity =0.003) for short sleep duration, 0.91 (95% CI: 0.78, 1.07; P for heterogeneity <0.0001) for long sleep duration. In subgroup analyses stratified by cancer type, long duration of sleep showed an inverse relation with hormone-related cancer (HR=0.79; 95% CI: 0.65, 0.97; P for heterogeneity =0.009) and a greater risk of colorectal cancer (HR=1.29; 95% CI: 1.09, 1.52; P for heterogeneity =0.346). Further meta-analysis on dose-response relationships showed that the relative risks of cancer were 1.00 (95% CI: 0.99, 1.01; P for linear trend=0.9151) for one hour of sleep increment per day, and 1.00 (95% CI: 0.98, 1.01; P for linear trend=0.7749) for one hour of sleep increment per night. No significant dose-response relationship between sleep duration and cancer was found on non-linearity testing (P=0.5053). Our meta-analysis suggests a positive association between long sleep duration and colorectal cancer, and an inverse association with incidence of hormone related cancers like those in the breast. Studies with larger sample size, longer follow-up times, more cancer types and detailed measure of sleep duration are warranted to confirm these results.

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Sleep Duration and Health in Young Adults

Abstract: Our data suggest that short sleep may be more of a concern than long sleep in young adults.

Cited by 358 publications

References 28 publications

Factors associated with short and long sleep

Factors associated with short and long sleep

Objective and Subjective Socioeconomic Gradients Exist for Sleep Quality, Sleep Latency, Sleep Duration, Weekend Oversleep, and Daytime Sleepiness in Adults

Sleep Duration and Cancer Risk: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Prospective Studies

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