Sleep duration and obesity in adulthood: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis

Bacaro, Valeria; Ballesio, Andrea; Cerolini, Silvia; Vacca, Mariacarolina; Poggiogalle, Eleonora; Donini, Lorenzo Maria; Lucidi, Fabio; Lombardo, Caterina

doi:10.1016/j.orcp.2020.03.004

Cited by 91 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Zachary et al found a similar association, showing a significant relationship between hours of sleep per night and reported weight gain [14]. In accordance with our findings, a meta-analysis of observational studies showed that short sleep duration was significantly associated with the risk of future obesity among adults (OR 1.41; 95% CI: 1.18-1.69) [50]. People who sleep fewer hours tend to eat more calories and macronutrients through late-night snacking [51,52], and tend to be less motivated to eat a healthy diet [53].…”

Section: Sleepsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Lifestyle changes associated with COVID-19 quarantine among young Saudi women: A prospective study

et al. 2021

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Background Negative lifestyle behaviors are associated with an increased risk of adverse outcomes from coronavirus disease (COVID-19). This study aimed to assess lifestyle changes affecting weight, sleep, mental health, physical activity, and dietary habits prospectively from before COVID-19 to during lockdown. Methods A total of 297 Saudi women, aged 19–30 years (mean age, 20.7 ± 1.4 years), were interviewed at two time points, before and during the quarantine. The data collected included anthropometrics, sociodemographic data, clinical history, food frequency questionnaire responses, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores, Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) responses, and Perceived Stress Scale measures. In addition, during quarantine, COVID-19 and nutrition-related information and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 scores were collected. Multivariate multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to examine the indicators of weight gain and loss from before COVID-19 (baseline) until during lockdown. Results Although approximately half of the participants did not report a weight change, 30% revealed weight loss and 18%, weight gain. The variables associated with increased weight gain were self-quarantine since COVID-19 started (OR: 5.17, 95% CI: 1.57–17.01, p = 0.007), age (OR: 1.53, 1.03–2.28, p = 0.04), and stress at baseline and during lockdown (OR: 1.15, 1.03–1.29, p = 0.01; OR: 1.10, 1.01–1.19, p = 0.03, respectively). The variables associated with a reduced risk of weight gain were the GPAQ score during lockdown (OR: 0.16, 0.04–0.66, p = 0.01), coffee consumption (OR: 0.36, 0.19–0.67, p = 0.01), and total sleep time (OR: 0.70, 0.51–0.97, p = 0.03). Conclusion While most young Saudi women experienced no weight change during the COVID-19 lockdown, one-third lost weight and a significant proportion gained weight. Factors associated with weight, such as stress, sleep hours, physical activity, and coffee consumption, highlight the need to carefully consider those at risk during future circumstances that may require lockdowns. These factors could also aid in implementing policies for future lockdowns and support those most at risk of gaining weight.

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Section: Sleepsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Feeling stressed during the pandemic is expected, with women being more vulnerable than men . Stress can be associated with food cravings and increased eating, especially among young women [42], and elevated cortisol levels that stimulate appetite, and thus weight gain [50].…”

Section: Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lifestyle changes associated with COVID-19 quarantine among young Saudi women: A prospective study

et al. 2021

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“…Study shows that a short period of sleep restriction for three days can significantly increase sleepiness, fatigue, stress, and decreased functioning [18]. Several systematic reviews have reported the association between short sleep duration and the increased risk of hypertension [19,20], type 2 diabetes mellitus [21], obesity [22], metabolic syndrome [23], coronary heart disease [24], and stroke [25]. A systematic review in 2017 has shown that short sleep duration, defined as less than six hours of sleep per 24 hours, is associated with a significant mortality increase [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) extract on sleep: A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2021

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Objective To determine the effect of Ashwagandha extract on sleep. Methods A comprehensive search was conducted in CENTRAL, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, Google Scholars, World Health Organization Trials Portal, ClinicalTrials.gov, Clinical Trial Registry of India, and AYUSH Research Portal for all appropriate trials. Randomized controlled trials that examined the effect of Ashwagandha extract versus placebo on sleep in human participants 18 years old and above were considered. Two authors independently read all trials and independently extracted all relevant data. The primary outcomes were sleep quantity and sleep quality. The secondary outcomes were mental alertness on rising, anxiety level, and quality of life. Results A total of five randomized controlled trials containing 400 participants were analyzed. Ashwagandha extract exhibited a small but significant effect on overall sleep (Standardized Mean Difference -0.59; 95% Confidence Interval -0.75 to -0.42; I2 = 62%). The effects on sleep were more prominent in the subgroup of adults diagnosed with insomnia, treatment dosage ≥600 mg/day, and treatment duration ≥8 weeks. Ashwagandha extract was also found to improve mental alertness on rising and anxiety level, but no significant effect on quality of life. No serious side effects were reported. Conclusion Ashwagandha extract appears to has a beneficial effect in improving sleep in adults. However, data on the serious adverse effects of Ashwagandha extract are limited, and more safety data would be needed to assess whether it would be safe for long-term use.

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“…The main cause of overweight and obesity relies in an energy imbalance between caloric intake and expenditure [ 4 – 6 ]. Reasons behind this imbalance are various and include individual’s lifestyle [ 6 , 7 ], physiological causes (such as the microbiome [ 8 ] or sleep duration [ 9 , 10 ]) but also individual’s socio-economic situation [ 11 ], obesogenic environments such as the proximity to fast-food restaurants or a gym [ 12 – 15 ], genetics [ 16 ] and even air pollution [ 17 ]. Numerous psychological factors of obesity were identified as well [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

French validation of the Weight Efficacy Life-Style questionnaire (WEL): Links with mood, self-esteem and stress among the general population and a clinical sample of individuals with overweight and obesity

2021

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Eating self-efficacy refers to a person’s belief in their ability to regulate eating. Although the Weight Efficacy Life-Style questionnaire (WEL) is one of the most widely used eating self-efficacy tools, its French validation is lacking. The objective of this research was to validate a French version of the WEL in a general and a clinical sample, and to explore the links between eating self-efficacy and psychosocial variables. In study 1, the general population sample included 432 adults (93% of women, mean age = 43.18 ± 11.93 years). In study 2, the clinical sample included 2010 adults with overweight and obesity (87% of women, mean age = 44.44 ± 11.25 years). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed. Two distinct versions of the WEL were retained: a 12-item questionnaire intended for use in the general population, named WEL-Fr-G, and an 11-item questionnaire for clinical samples, named WEL-Fr-C. The two French versions of the WEL presented strong reliability and sensibility. In addition, study 2 provided support for the measurement invariance of the WEL-Fr-C across sex and Body Mass Index. The two versions are therefore psychometrically sound instruments for assessing eating self-efficacy in the general population (WEL-Fr-G) and clinical samples (WEL-Fr-C).

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Sleep duration and obesity in adulthood: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 91 publications

References 62 publications

Lifestyle changes associated with COVID-19 quarantine among young Saudi women: A prospective study

Lifestyle changes associated with COVID-19 quarantine among young Saudi women: A prospective study

Effect of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) extract on sleep: A systematic review and meta-analysis

French validation of the Weight Efficacy Life-Style questionnaire (WEL): Links with mood, self-esteem and stress among the general population and a clinical sample of individuals with overweight and obesity

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