Sleep Duration and Quality in Relation to Autonomic Nervous System Measures: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)

Abstract

Study Objectives: Short sleep duration and poor sleep quality are associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Potential pathophysiological mechanisms include sleep-associated alterations in the autonomic nervous system. The objective of this study was to examine the associations of shorter sleep duration and poorer sleep quality with markers of autonomic tone: heart rate (HR), high-frequency HR variability (HF-HRV) and salivary amylase. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of data from actigraphy-based measures of sleep duration and efficiency and responses to a challenge protocol obtained from 527 adult participants in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Results: Participants who slept fewer than 6 h per night (compared to those who slept 7 h or more per night) had higher baseline HR (fully adjusted model 0.05 log beats/min, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.01, 0.09) and greater HR orthostatic reactivity (fully adjusted model 0.02 log beats/min, 95% CI 0.002, 0.023). Participants who slept 6 to less than 7 h/night (compared to those who slept 7 h or more per night) had lower baseline HF-HRV (fully adjusted model −0.31 log msec 2 , 95% CI −0.60, −0.14). Participants with low sleep efficiency had lower baseline HF-HRV than those with higher sleep efficiency (fully adjusted model −0.59 log msec 2 , 95% CI −1.03, −0.15). Participants with low sleep efficiency had higher baseline levels of amylase than those with higher sleep efficiency (fully adjusted model 0.45 log U/mL, 95% CI 0.04, 0.86). Conclusions: Short sleep duration, low sleep efficiency, and insomnia combined with short sleep duration were associated with markers of autonomic tone that indicate lower levels of cardiac parasympathetic (vagal) tone and/or higher levels of sympathetic tone.

Sleep quality and duration are associated with performance in maximal incremental test

“…The findings from Myllymäki's and Castro-Diehl's [28,29] studies may help us to understand our results and to identify a significant relationship between sleep quality and HR max. These studies lead us to understand that changes in sleep patterns cause a significant loss in the autonomic response, which affects the behavior of these variables in stress condition.…”

“…Recent study performed by Castro-Diehl and colleagues [29] verified the associations between shorter sleep duration (less than six hours per night), poor sleep quality and markers of autonomic nervous system, as heart rate (HR) and high-frequency HR variability (HF-HRV). The authors observed that subjects who slept less than six hours had higher heart rate and had lower baseline HF-HRV when compared to subjects that slept seven hour or more, proving the relationship between short sleep duration and autonomic markers.…”

Kajian Literatur: Faktor Risiko Hipertensi pada Remaja di Indonesia

“…18 Kualitas tidur yang buruk dapat mengubah hormon kortisol dan perubahan sistem saraf otonom dengan aktivasi peningkatan simpatis atau penurunan parasimpatis sehingga terjadi peningkatan tekanan darah. 25,26 Penelitian di Pekanbaru menunjukkan bahwa IMT/U memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan tekanan darah. Berdasarkan penelitian tersebut, diprediksikan setiap kenaikan IMT/U sebesar 1 kg/m 2 maka nilai tekanan darah sistol dan diastol akan meningkat masing-masing sebesar 2,339 mmHg dan 0,979 mmHg.…”

Medical and social features of patients with coronary artery disease and depression

“…Недостаток сна изменяет сердечно-сосудистые параметры, увеличивает симпатическую активность, индуцирует воспалительные процессы во многих тканях (мозг, жировая ткань, печень, селезенка), включая сердце и сосудистый эндотелий [39]. У испытуемых, спавших <6 ч в сут., по сравнению с теми, кто спал ≥7 ч, отмечались нарушения вегетативной регуляции сердца (измерялись по индексу вариабельности сердечного ритма), гипертонус симпатической системы и понижение влияния парасимпатической нервной системы [40].…”