Sleep in normal and pathological aging

Blois, R.; Feinberg, I.; Gaillard, Jean‐Michel; Kupfer, David J.; Webb, Wilse B.

doi:10.1007/bf01971096

Cited by 51 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…This result can probably be explained by the fact that stage 4 is most strongly affected by the age factor (7). The duration of stage 1 and 2, and to a lesser extent REM, showed a relative stability from one night to another for a given individual, whereas the variables describing stage 3 showed a high intraindividual variability, in strong contrast to stage 4, although they are both slow wave sleep (SWS).…”

Section: Anovamentioning

confidence: 62%

Statistical Description and Evaluation of the Interrelationships of Standard Sleep Variables for Normal Subjects

Merica¹,

Jm²

1985

Sleep

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Summary: This study explores the relationships between the standard sleep variables, particularly between those of NREM and REM sleep. A total of 399 nights of sleep was recorded in 147 adults who had no known pathology. This amount of data allowed for an accurate description of the generally nonnormal variable distributions and established the relative predominance of the intra-over the interindividual variability. Most correlations between variables were low, showing that there is little redundancy in the choice of variables. The relationships between stage 2 and 4 of NREM and REM sleep and between sleep stages and wakefulness were statistically significant. We found that a short latency of stage 2 predicted a sleep of poorer quality than did a longer latency and confirmed that stage 2 has a central role in transition between stages. Finally, there was an association between the variables describing sleep stability and those describing cyclic organization and sleep efficiency. However, it cannot be determined from these data whether the relationship is causal or permissive. In addition, these results suggest that further work on cycle structure is required and that future experiments should incorporate a larger number of observed nights per individual.

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Section: Anovamentioning

confidence: 62%

Statistical Description and Evaluation of the Interrelationships of Standard Sleep Variables for Normal Subjects

Merica¹,

Jm²

1985

Sleep

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“…This decline, as measured in the central cortical EEG, involves both the amplitude and incidence of 0.5-3.0 Hz wave forms (5,9). Although there have been reports of similar reductions in the incidence/amplitude components of slow-wave NREM EEG patterns in the aged mouse (17)(18)(19) and hamster (R. Rosenberg, personal communication), the present study is the first to document attenuated slow-wave activity in the old cat.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electroencephalogram During Sleep in the Cat: Age Effects on Slow-Wave Activity

Bowersox

Floyd

Dement

1984

Sleep

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Summary:In humans there is a substantial decline in NREM electroencephalographic (EEG) slow-wave activity with advancing age. The present findings show that similar age-related EEG changes occur in the cat. Slow-wave (0.5-4.0 Hz) EEG activity during NREM sleep was compared in six young adult (2-4 years) and six aged (10-12 years) cats of either sex. Computer measures of slow-wave incidence and amplitude disclosed significant age-and gender-related differences. Although old male and female animals were of comparable age, only males showed significant EEG alterations. These consisted of an attenuation of slow-wave amplitude over posterolateral cortex and reductions in both the incidence and amplitude of slow-wave activity over sensorimotor cortex. Key Words: Aging-Among the electroencephalographic (EEG) changes commonly associated with advancing age in humans is a marked decline in the incidence and amplitude of slow-wave (0.5-3.0 Hz) activity during NREM sleep. This decline, as documented by both visual (1-6) and computer-assisted (5,7-9) EEG scoring techniques, is a consistent feature of the aging process. It begins in adolescence and continues across the lifespan, often resulting by the eighth decade in the complete loss of 0.5-3.0 Hz wave forms (4).Although it is well established that EEG slow-wave activity is attenuated in old age, the contributions of intracerebral and extracerebral factors to this process have not been well delineated. Intracerebral factors, including the loss of neuropil and dendritic ramifications, undoubtedly playa key role. However, because EEG potentials are conventionally recorded from scalp leads, extracerebral factors such as changes in brain volume, thickening of the meninges, and alterations in skull and scalp conductivity-all of which distance and insulate electrodes from the cortical surface-are also probably implicated. Unfortunately, usual methodological constraints make it difficult to assess the respective contributions of these factors to EEG changes in human subjects. However, this opportunity is afforded in animal studies where recording electrodes can be placed directly on the cortical surface.The principal aim of the present investigation was to assess the extent to which EEG spectral characteristics change as a function of age in the laboratory cat. In an earlier study

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“…Aging also reliably leads to a decrease in the amount of SWS (Bliwise, 1993; Blois et al, 1983; Ehlers and Kupfer, 1989; Feinberg et al, 1967; Larsen et al, 1995; Smith et al, 1977). However as highlighted in a recent meta analysis of studies about sleep across the lifespan (Ohayon et al, 2004) many of the studies did not contain middle aged subjects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep evoked delta frequency responses show a linear decline in amplitude across the adult lifespan

Colrain

Crowley²,

Nicholas

et al. 2010

Neurobiology of Aging

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Aging is associated with many changes in sleep, with one of the most prominent being a reduction in slow wave sleep. Traditional measures of this phenomenon rely on spontaneous activity and typically confound the incidence and amplitude of delta waves. The measurement of evoked K-complexes during sleep, enable separate assessment of incidence and amplitude taken from the averaged K-complex waveform. The present study describes data from 70 normal healthy men and women aged between 19 and 78 years. K-complexes were evoked using short auditory tones and recorded from a midline array of scalp sites. Significant reductions with age were seen in the amplitude of the N550 component of the averaged waveform, which represents the amplitude of the K-complex, with linear regression analysis indicating approximately 50% of the variance was due to age. Smaller, yet still significant reductions were seen in the ability to elicit K-complexes. The data highlight the utility of evoked K-complexes as a sensitive marker of brain aging in men and women.

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Sleep in normal and pathological aging

Cited by 51 publications

References 8 publications

Statistical Description and Evaluation of the Interrelationships of Standard Sleep Variables for Normal Subjects

Statistical Description and Evaluation of the Interrelationships of Standard Sleep Variables for Normal Subjects

Electroencephalogram During Sleep in the Cat: Age Effects on Slow-Wave Activity

Sleep evoked delta frequency responses show a linear decline in amplitude across the adult lifespan

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