Sleep in the Elderly: Normal Variations and Common Sleep Disorders

Ancoli‐Israel, Sonia; Ayalon, Liat; Salzman, Carl

doi:10.1080/10673220802432210

Cited by 159 publications

(151 citation statements)

References 59 publications

(63 reference statements)

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“…Compared with younger adults, older adults spend less time in SWS and in REM sleep [2][3][4], with reductions in delta wave amplitude [3], activity and density of REM sleep and sleep spindles [2], [4][5][6][7]. As a result, older adults' sleep is more fragmented, with frequent and longer awakenings [3], [8], [9]. Likewise, the ability to initiate and maintain sleep declines [3], [10], along with a significant reduction in total sleep time [3], [11][12][13].…”

Section: Insomnia In Older Adultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive training improves sleep quality and cognitive function among older adults with insomnia

Haimov

Shatil

2013

Sleep Medicine

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Study Objectives: To investigate the effect of an eight-week, home-based, personalized, computerized cognitive training program on sleep quality and cognitive performance among older adults with insomnia.Design: Participants (n = 51) were randomly allocated to a cognitive training group (n = 34) or to an active control group (n = 17). The participants in the cognitive training group completed an eight-week, home-based, personalized, computerized cognitive training program, while the participants in the active control group completed an eight-week, home-based program involving computerized tasks that do not engage high-level cognitive functioning. Before and after training, all participants' sleep was monitored for one week by an actigraph and their cognitive performance was evaluated.Setting: Community setting: residential sleep/performance testing facility.Participants: Fifty-one older adults with insomnia (aged 65-85).Interventions: Eight weeks of computerized cognitive training for older adults with insomnia.Results: Mixed models for repeated measures analysis showed between-group improvements for the cognitive training group on both sleep quality (sleep onset latency and sleep efficiency) and cognitive performance (avoiding distractions, working memory, visual memory, general memory and naming). Hierarchical linear regressions analysis in the cognitive training group indicated that improved visual scanning is associated with earlier advent of sleep, while improved naming is associated with the reduction in wake after sleep onset and with the reduction in number of awakenings. Likewise the results indicate that improved ''avoiding distractions'' is associated with an increase in the duration of sleep. Moreover, the results indicate that in the active control group cognitive decline observed in working memory is associated with an increase in the time required to fall asleep.Conclusions: New learning is instrumental in promoting initiation and maintenance of sleep in older adults with insomnia. Lasting and personalized cognitive training is particularly indicated to generate the type of learning necessary for combined cognitive and sleep enhancements in this population.

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Section: Insomnia In Older Adultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive training improves sleep quality and cognitive function among older adults with insomnia

Haimov

Shatil

2013

Sleep Medicine

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“…As a result, the elderly snort throughout the day. In 24 hours, the elderly needs 6 -9 hours of sleep (2). The most common sleep disorder in the elderly is insomnia, which falls into 3 types: onset sleep disorder, disorder during their sleep (the person wakes up several times during the night), and early sleep disorders (the elderly first sleeps easily but wakes up after 3 to 4 hours and does not fall back to sleep again) (2,3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Prevalence of Self-Reported Sleep Problems and Some Factors Affecting It Among the Elderly in Amirkola

et al. 2017

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Background: Knowing the quality of sleep in the elderly and its effective factors helps to take measures in increasing or decreasing their effect. Objectives: The aim of this study is to determine the sleep problems and its effective factors in the elderly of Amirkola, the northern part of Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was extracted from the Amirkola health and ageing project (AHAP), which is a cohort project regarding the elderly in the city of Amirkola, the northern part of Iran. Since 2011, it has been started and has continued so far. Data including age, sex, level of education, life status, occupation, smoking, physical activity, self-reported chronic diseases, depressive symptoms by Geriatric depression scale (GDS), cognitive status by mini-mental state examination (MMSE), history of medication, and questions regarding sleep problems were collected by interviewing with older people or their close relatives. Results: The overall prevalence of sleep disorders in this study was 354 (24.8%). Gender, drug use, marital status, chronic pain, depression, urinary incontinence, education level, metabolic syndrome, occupation, MMSE, hypnotics, and diabetes were associated with the prevalence of sleep disorders. According to the logistic regression analyses, 12-month back pain (OR = 1.64, P = 0.003), hypnotic drugs (OR = 1.5, P = 0.03), depression (OR = 1.66, P = 0.001), age range of 75 to 79 years old (OR = 0.58, P = 0.01), accompanying chronic disease (OR = 1.15, P < 0.001), and MMSE (OR = 1.59, P = 0.003) had a significant role in sleep problems. Conclusions: This study showed a high prevalence of sleep disorders in the elderly in Amirkola, especially in women. It is necessary to assess all older individuals with sleep disorders for identifying and treatment risk factors.

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“…While these findings are surprising it seems as though age does not independently impact sleep quality. Sleep problems seen in older individuals can often be explained by other underlying medical or psychological problems, not by age itself [13]. In the present study the increased sleep quality in those with a family history of diabetes may be related to increased knowledge that also seems to reduce anxiety and depression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…It does not seem that age alone affects sleep quality and sleep problems are not an inevitable part of aging. Alternatively, sleep problems in older adults are often comorbid with underlying medical or psychiatric illnesses [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of family history of diabetes on sleep quality, depression, and anxiety in adult males with diabetes

Fan¹,

Sattler²,

Parkinson³

et al. 2013

JDM

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Study Objectives: This study evaluated how a family history of diabetes moderates the effects of diabetes on anxiety, depression, as well as sleep quality. Design: Outpatients with diabetes responded to questionnaires on family history of diabetes, sleep quality, anxiety and depression. Participants: Participants were recruited from the Captain James A. Lovell Federal Health Care Center in North Chicago, Illinois. All participants were adult males (n = 33) with ages ranging from 50 to 88 and were diagnosed with type 1 or type 2 diabetes. There were 8 subjects without a family history of diabetes and 25 subjects with family history of diabetes. Results: In comparison to those with a family history of diabetes, patients without a family history of diabetes were found to experience a poorer quality of sleep, evaluated on the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index [PSQI] (t = 3.62, p = 0.001). Anxiety, depression, family history and the Interaction of family history with depression were found to be significant predictors of sleep quality (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Patients without a family history of diabetes exhibit more anxiety and depression and have more sleep problems than those patients who have a family history of diabetes. Presumably a family history of diabetes better informs and prepares these patients for the many unique problems associated with diabetes thereby decreasing disease related anxiety and depression.

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Sleep in the Elderly: Normal Variations and Common Sleep Disorders

Cited by 159 publications

References 59 publications

Cognitive training improves sleep quality and cognitive function among older adults with insomnia

Cognitive training improves sleep quality and cognitive function among older adults with insomnia

The Prevalence of Self-Reported Sleep Problems and Some Factors Affecting It Among the Elderly in Amirkola

The effect of family history of diabetes on sleep quality, depression, and anxiety in adult males with diabetes

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