Sleep positions in children with Down syndrome and obstructive sleep apnea

Santoro, Jonathan D.; Rosario, Justin Del; Osterbauer, Beth; Gillett, Emily; Don, Debra M.

doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2021.03.018

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Other previous studies applied questionnaires and found that atypical positions such as leaning forward with legs back, leaning forward with legs forward, leaning forward with legs crossed, and sitting were common and were often related to the presence of OSA diagnosis 33 . Additionally, patients with DS commonly present the unique position of sitting with a flopped-forward body in which the head rests on the bed while asleep, which contributes to optimized airflow 34 . The reason for this position is unclear, but authors conjectured that this may be a protective mechanism for airway patency 35 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep disorders in Down syndrome: a systematic review

Santos¹,

Costa²,

Linhares

et al. 2022

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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Background: Sleep disorders are commonly observed in children with Down syndrome (DS) and can lead to significant behavioral and cognitive morbidities in these individuals. Objective: To perform a systematic review evaluating sleep disorders in individuals with DS. Methods: Search strategies were based on combinations of keywords: “Down syndrome”; “trisomy 21”; “sleep disorders”; “dyssomnias”; “sleep apnea”; “obstructive”; “sleeplessness”; “insomnia”; “parasomnias”; and “excessive daytime sleepiness”. PubMed and Science Direct were used. Only original studies and retrospective reviews in English published between January 2011 and March 2021 were included. Results: 52 articles were included, most of them involving children and adolescents under 18 years of age. The main sleep disorder associated with DS was obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Some studies reported the presence of cognitive dysfunction in patients with DS and sleep-disordered breathing, and few have been found about parasomnia, insomnia, and daytime sleepiness in these patients. Movement disorders and unusual postures during sleep may be related to disordered sleep breathing in DS. The main treatment options for OSA are continuous positive airway pressure therapy (CPAP), surgery, and weight control. Computational modeling associated with MRI has been used to plan surgical interventions in these patients. Conclusions: Individuals with DS are at high risk of developing sleep-related breathing disorders. The main sleep disorder associated with DS was OSA. The presence of sleep-disordered breathing contributes to a worsening of cognitive function in patients with DS.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%