Sleep quality and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care unit at Gondar, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

ObjectiveThis study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of poor sleep quality among pregnant women in Ethiopia.MethodInstitutional based cross-sectional study.SettingUniversity of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Gondar, Ethiopia.ParticipantsA total of 415 pregnant women were recruited by using a systematic random sampling technique from 28 April 2020 to 12 June 2020.MeasurementThe desired data were collected through face-to-face interview technique by using validated questionnaires such as the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, Perceived Stress Scale, Oslo-3 and Abuse Assessment Screen. The data were analysed by using SPSS V.20. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify associated factors with poor sleep quality. Variables having a p value of less than 0.2 in the bivariate analysis were entered to the multivariable logistic regression. A p value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant, at 95% CI.ResultIn this study, 175 (42.2%) pregnant women had poor sleep quality. According to multivariable logistic regression, being first and third trimesters of gestational age (adjusted OR (aOR) 2.31, 95% CI 1.16 to 4.61 and aOR 3.45, 95% CI 2.05 to 5.79, respectively), consumption of caffeinated substances (aOR 2.96, 95% CI 1.68 to 5.52), having depression (aOR 2.12, 95% CI 1.19 to 3.76), having high perceived stress (aOR 5.39, 95% CI 1.96 to 14.79) and experience of intimate partner violence (aOR 5.57, 95% CI 2.19 to 14.68) were positive significant associated factors with poor sleep quality.Conclusion and recommendationThe prevalence of poor sleep quality among pregnant women was relatively high. First and third trimesters, consumption of caffeinated substances, antenatal depression, high perceived stress and intimate partner violence were factors significantly associated with poor sleep quality. This result suggests that all pregnant women should be screened and treated for poor sleep quality during the first and third trimesters.

Pregnancy Concerns as Predictors of Sleep Quality in Primigravid Women: A Cross-Sectional Study

“…In Jemere et al's study on 411 Ethiopian pregnant women, more than two-thirds of pregnant women had poor sleep quality [ 22 ]. Takelle et al's cross-sectional study on 415 Ethiopian pregnant women showed that 42.2% of pregnant women have poor sleep quality [ 6 ]. In a meta-analysis study, Sedov et al found that the mean PSQI score in pregnancy was 6.07 with 95% confidence (5.30, 6.85), and 45.7% of pregnant women experienced poor sleep quality [ 23 ].…”

“…In this regard, some researchers limit the incidence of sleep disorders to the third trimester [ 3 ]. In Takelle et al’s study, pregnant Ethiopian women in the first and third trimesters had a higher probability of having poor sleep quality than pregnant women in the second trimester [ 6 ]. In Iran, Salari et al, in their meta-analysis study using data from 8798 participants, reported that the prevalence of insomnia in the third trimester of pregnancy was 42.4% [ 24 ].…”

“…In late pregnancy, poor sleep quality, difficulty sleeping, night awakenings, and waking up early increase compared to mid-pregnancy [ 4 ]. A decrease in sleep duration may be a risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as gestational diabetes, gestational hypertension, and cesarean delivery [ 5 , 6 ]. It may also increase the risk of postpartum depression, which is associated with consequences, such as impaired mother-infant attachment and effective care, as well as behavioral or emotional problems in the infant [ 7 ].…”

The relationship between anxiety levels in facing childbirth and sleep quality among pregnant women in third trimester (Field study at Lulu’s Independent Midwifery Practice Surabaya in 2023)

“…Another study conducted in Ethiopia showed that the prevalence of poor sleep quality in pregnant women was 42.2%, with 45.9% in the first trimester, 26.6% in the second trimester and 53.6% in the third trimester [41]. Research conducted in Indonesia found that 60.7% of pregnant women had poor sleep quality out of a total of 56 pregnant women surveyed [42].…”

Neglected sleep problems: A multi-center cross-sectional study of gestational diabetes mellitus

“…G*power version 3.1 was employed to guarantee a su cient sample size for the linear multiple regression analysis (21). Considering an effective size of 0.10, 13 independent variables associated with sleep quality based on the relevant published studies (22)(23)(24), a signi cant level (P) of 0.05, and 95% power, the sample size was calculated to be 277. Finally, 618 GDM patients were recruited from four hospitals in Chongqing.…”