Sleep Quality Assessment in Adolescents with and without Type 1 Diabetes Using the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index

Abstract

Background and Aims: Many diseases, especially chronic diseases, can lead to sleep disturbances. Our study aimed to evaluate sleep characteristics and the relationship between sleep disorders and diabetes-related variables in type 1 diabetes adolescents and to compare these results with a non-diabetic group of similar age and gender. Methods: This cross-sectional study collected data from 40 healthy adolescents and 50 patients of the same age group with type 1 diabetes mellitus from January 2019 to June 2019. Subjects were asked to complete the Pittsburgh Uyku Kalitesi Anketi (PUKA). Patients who had nocturnal hypoglycemia in the preceding one month were excluded. Results: Total scores for PUKA were not significantly different between the two groups ( P = 0.197). No significant relationship was found between sleep quality, duration of diabetes, and HbA1c levels in the diabetes group ( P = 0.59, P = 0.41, respectively). Poor sleep quality (PUKA score ≥5) in girls without diabetes was higher (95% confidence interval: 1.26–11.61) than in the diabetes group ( P = 0.031). Conclusion: In our study, the prevalence of sleep disorders in T1D patients was not higher than the non-diabetic population. However, the girls in the non-diabetic group had significant poor sleep quality. We hypothesize that this may be due to diabetes management bringing order and discipline to an adolescents life.

Psychological Alterations in Youths with Type I Diabetes: Associations with Salivary Cortisol Concentration

“…Reduced slowwave sleep is associated with reduced self-management of diabetes, poor glycemic control, greater daytime sleepiness and poor quality of life [10]. Nonetheless, a recent study [11] carried out in a group of adolescents with T1DM and their peers showed that the prevalence of sleep disorders in T1DM patients was not higher than in the non-diabetic population, but girls in the latter group had significantly poor sleep quality. The sleep disturbances and the development of psychosocial illness in diabetic children can lead to non-adherence to treatment, increased risk of complications and deterioration in the quality of life [12].…”