Sleep Reactivity as a Risk Factor for Psychopathology: A Review of Prospective Studies, Mechanisms, and Biological Correlates

Reffi, Anthony N.; Jankowiak, Lily; Iqal, Justin N.; Jovanovic, Tanja; Drake, Christopher L.

doi:10.1007/s40675-024-00279-8

Curr Sleep Medicine Rep

2024

DOI: 10.1007/s40675-024-00279-8

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Sleep Reactivity as a Risk Factor for Psychopathology: A Review of Prospective Studies, Mechanisms, and Biological Correlates

Anthony N. Reffi,

Lily Jankowiak,

Justin N. Iqal

et al.

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2024

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Cited by 2 publications

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Sleep disturbances across 2 weeks predict future mental healthcare utilization

Slavish,

Ruggero,

Luft

et al. 2024

Sleep

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Study Objectives Insufficient sleep costs the U.S. economy over $411 billion per year. However, most studies investigating economic costs of sleep rely on one-time measures of sleep, which may be prone to recall bias and cannot capture variability in sleep. To address these gaps, we examined how sleep metrics captured from daily sleep diaries predicted medical expenditures. Methods Participants were 391 World Trade Center responders enrolled in the World Trade Center Health Program (mean age = 54.97 years, 89% men). At baseline, participants completed 14 days of self-reported sleep and stress measures. Mean sleep, variability in sleep, and a novel measure of sleep reactivity (i.e., how much people’s sleep changes in response to daily stress) were used to predict the subsequent year’s medical expenditures, covarying for age, race/ethnicity, sex, medical diagnoses, and body mass index. Results Mean sleep efficiency did not predict mental healthcare utilization. However, greater sleep efficiency reactivity to stress (b=$191.75, p=.027), sleep duration reactivity to stress (b=$206.33, p=.040), variability in sleep efficiency (b=$339.33, p=.002), variability in sleep duration (b=$260.87, p=.004), and quadratic mean sleep duration (b=$182.37, p=.001) all predicted greater mental healthcare expenditures. Together, these sleep variables explained 12% of the unique variance in mental healthcare expenditures. No sleep variables were significantly associated with physical healthcare expenditures. Conclusions People with more irregular sleep, more sleep reactivity, and either short or long sleep engage in more mental healthcare utilization. It may be important to address these individuals’ sleep problems to improve mental health and reduce healthcare costs.

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Sleep disturbances across 2 weeks predict future mental healthcare utilization

Slavish,

Ruggero,

Luft

et al. 2024

Sleep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Association Between Sleep Reactivity, Pre-Sleep Arousal State, and Neuroendocrine Hormones in Patients with Chronic Insomnia Disorder

Yu,

Xia,

Chen

et al. 2024

NSS

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Purpose The purpose of this study was to look into the relationship between pre-sleep arousal state, sleep reactivity, and serum levels of neuroendocrine hormones (cortisol, copeptin, and corticotropin-releasing hormone) in patients with chronic insomnia disorders (CID), and whether the effects of sleep reactivity and pre-sleep arousal on insomnia are related to the levels of these neuroendocrine hormones. Patients and Methods This study included 61 CID patients and 27 healthy controls (HC) whose base data were matched to those of the CID patients. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI), Pre-Sleep Arousal Scale (PSAS), and the Ford Insomnia Response to Stress Test (FIRST) were used to evaluate the participants’ sleep, stress, and neuropsychological function. We measured the participants’ serum concentration levels of cortisol, copeptin, and corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), using quantitative sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Results The CID group had significantly greater serum levels of copeptin, CRH, and cortisol, as well as higher FIRST and PSAS scores than the HC group. The partial correlation analysis revealed a substantial and positive association among cortisol, CRH, copeptin PSQI, PSAS, and FIRST after adjusting for sex, age, depression, and cognition. Principal component analysis showed that PSQI, FIRST, and PSAS, as well as cortisol, CRH, and copeptin, were all loaded on factor 1. Conclusion Patients with CID showed increased sleep reactivity and pre-sleep arousal, which correlated with serum levels of cortisol, copeptin, and CRH. Changes in neuroendocrine hormone levels may influence how pre-sleep arousal and sleep reactivity affect the development of insomnia.

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Sleep Reactivity as a Risk Factor for Psychopathology: A Review of Prospective Studies, Mechanisms, and Biological Correlates

Cited by 2 publications

References 51 publications

Sleep disturbances across 2 weeks predict future mental healthcare utilization

Sleep disturbances across 2 weeks predict future mental healthcare utilization

Association Between Sleep Reactivity, Pre-Sleep Arousal State, and Neuroendocrine Hormones in Patients with Chronic Insomnia Disorder

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