2008
DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2008.06334.x
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Sleep‐wakefulness effects after microinjections of hypocretin 1 (orexin A) in cholinoceptive areas of the cat oral pontine tegmentum

Abstract: Hypocretinergic/orexinergic neurons, which are known to be implicated in narcolepsy, project to the pontine tegmentum areas involved in the control of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. Here, we report the effects on sleep-wakefulness produced by low-volume microinjections of hypocretin (Hcrt)1 (20-30 nL, 100, 500 and 1000 microm) and carbachol (20-30 nL, 0.1 m) delivered in two areas of the oral pontine tegmentum of free-moving cats with electrodes for chronic sleep recordings: in the dorsal oral pontine tegment… Show more

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Cited by 31 publications
(31 citation statements)
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“…Thus, Hcrt1/OxA could enhance the actions of an excitatory neurotransmitter during longer periods of time by rising excitability of common postsynaptic target neurons and/or temporal/spatial summation of individual actions of Hcrt1/OxA and the excitatory transmitter. Moreover, Hcrt/Ox inhibit brain structures involved in non-REM sleep generation, such as the preoptic area [20, 60, 61] and also blocks structures involved in REM sleep such as the ventral part of oral pontine tegmentum [62, 63].
Figure 9 Schematic drawing depicting the possible cellular mechanisms whereby Hcrt1/OxA activates neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA).
…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Thus, Hcrt1/OxA could enhance the actions of an excitatory neurotransmitter during longer periods of time by rising excitability of common postsynaptic target neurons and/or temporal/spatial summation of individual actions of Hcrt1/OxA and the excitatory transmitter. Moreover, Hcrt/Ox inhibit brain structures involved in non-REM sleep generation, such as the preoptic area [20, 60, 61] and also blocks structures involved in REM sleep such as the ventral part of oral pontine tegmentum [62, 63].
Figure 9 Schematic drawing depicting the possible cellular mechanisms whereby Hcrt1/OxA activates neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA).
…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Rat microinjection sites in the present study (Figures 1 & 4) are in homologous regions of cat pontine reticular formation that produced either increases in wakefulness when hypocretin-1 was injected during wakefulness 16 or selective decreases in REM sleep. 15 Hypocretin-1 did significantly decrease REM sleep in the present study and also decreased NREM sleep (Figure 3). The reasons for these differences are not known but could include differences in microinjection sites, hypocretin receptors, and afferent hypocretin terminals, in addition to the use of different microinjection volumes and amounts of hypocretin-1.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 72%
“…An additional novel finding is that the hypocretin-1-induced increase gion of cat pontine reticular formation (referred to as peri-locus coeruleus α) during wakefulness causes a concentration-dependent increase in wakefulness and decrease in NREM sleep and REM sleep, whereas the same concentrations of hypocretin-1 delivered to the ventral part of cat pontine reticular formation cause a selective inhibition of REM sleep and no change in the amount of wakefulness or NREM sleep. 15 The dissimilar findings between these 2 studies in cat are reconciled by noting that different brain regions were microinjected with different amounts of hypocretin-1 in different microinjection volumes. 15,50 Species-specific responses to PnO microinjection of hypocretin-1 in rat and cat have been discussed in detail.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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