Sleipner is the world's longest-running industrial-scale storage project and so far the only example of underground CO 2 storage arising as a direct response to environmental legislation. It commenced in 1996, injecting around one million (1Mt) of CO 2 per year into the Utsira Sand, a relatively shallow saline aquifer. By late 2011 over 13Mt of CO 2 had been securely stored. A comprehensive research-focussed monitoring programme has been carried out with multiple time-lapse surveys; predominantly 3D seismic but also 2D seismic, gravimetry and controlled source electromagnetics (CSEM). The time-lapse seismic data image the CO 2 plume clearly in the reservoir with very high detection capability and show no evidence of CO 2 migration from the storage reservoir into the overburden. Although not specifically designed for this purpose, the monitoring programme fulfills most of the requirements of the recently developed European regulatory framework for CO 2 underground storage.