Sliding in Seattle: Test of a model of shallow landsliding potential in an urban environment

Montgomery, David R.; Greenberg, Harvey; Laprade, W. T.; Nashem, William D.

doi:10.1029/ws002p0059

Cited by 14 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Even the choice of DEM resolution may be restricted by data availability and should always be done in the context of a specific analysis [252]. For example, in deterministic models HR grids may provide more accurate depiction of locations where landslides occurred, but they may also generate zones of addicted instability [253].…”

Section: Geomorphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Remote Sensing for Landslide Investigations: An Overview of Recent Achievements and Perspectives

et al. 2014

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Landslides represent major natural hazards, which cause every year significant loss of lives and damages to buildings, properties and lifelines. In the last decades, a significant increase in landslide frequency took place, in concomitance to climate change and the expansion of urbanized areas. Remote sensing techniques represent a powerful tool for landslide investigation: applications are traditionally divided into three main classes, although this subdivision has some limitations and borders are sometimes fuzzy. The first class comprehends techniques for landslide recognition, i.e., the mapping of past or active slope failures. The second regards landslide monitoring, which entails both ground deformation measurement and the analysis of any other changes along time (e.g., land use, vegetation cover). The third class groups methods for landslide hazard analysis and forecasting. The aim of this paper is to give an overview on the applications of remote-sensing techniques for the three categories of landslide investigations, focusing on the achievements of the last decade, being that previous studies have already been exhaustively reviewed in the existing literature. At the end of the paper, a new classification of remote-sensing techniques that may be pertinently adopted for investigating specific typologies of soil and rock slope failures is proposed.

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Section: Geomorphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Remote Sensing for Landslide Investigations: An Overview of Recent Achievements and Perspectives

et al. 2014

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“…Additionally, human modification of the ground surface and its resultant effects on the surface hydrology has been identified as a significant contributing factor in the occurrence of many landslides (Tubbs, 1974;Miller, 1991). Spatially, shallow landsliding is concentrated along the steep coastal bluffs of Puget Sound and Lake Washington and the north-south trending ridges in Seattle (Tubbs, 1974;Coe et al, 2000Coe et al, , 2004Montgomery et al, 2001). Colluvium overlying the geologic contact between glacial outwash deposits of sand and gravel and underlying transitional beds of fine-grained clayey silt has been identified as particularly susceptible to landslides (Tubbs, 1974(Tubbs, , 1975.…”

Section: Physiographic and Geological Setting And Landsliding In Seattlementioning

confidence: 99%

Rainfall characteristics for shallow landsliding in Seattle, Washington, USA

Godt

Baum

Chleborad

2005

Earth Surf Processes Landf

244

152

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Shallow landsliding in the Seattle, Washington, area, has caused the occasional loss of human life and millions of dollars in damage to property. The effective management of the hazard requires an understanding of the rainfall conditions that result in landslides. We present an empirical approach to quantify the antecedent moisture conditions and rainstorm intensity and duration that have triggered shallow landsliding using 25 years of hourly rainfall data and a complementary record of landslide occurrence. Our approach combines a simple water balance to estimate the antecedent moisture conditions of hillslope materials and a rainfall intensity-duration threshold to identify periods when shallow landsliding can be expected. The water balance is calibrated with field-monitoring data and combined with the rainfall intensity-duration threshold using a decision tree. Results are cast in terms of a hypothetical landslide warning system. Two widespread landslide events are correctly identified by the warning scheme; however, it is less accurate for more isolated landsliding. Copyright

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“…Regional landslide hazard mitigation efforts may be guided by results of regional slope-stability assessments, some of which have been undertaken for Seattle (Montgomery et al, 2001;Godt, 2004). Regional slope-stability assessments benefit from accurate representation of conditions responsible for landslide formation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the spatial distribution of landslide‐prone colluvium and shallow groundwater on hillslopes of Seattle, WA

Schulz

Lidke

Godt

2007

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Landslides in partially saturated colluvium on Seattle, WA, hillslopes have resulted in property damage and human casualties. We developed statistical models of colluvium and shallow-groundwater distributions to aid landslide hazard assessments. The models were developed using a geographic information system, digital geologic maps, digital topography, subsurface exploration results, the groundwater flow modeling software VS2DI and regression analyses. Input to the colluvium model includes slope, distance to a hillslope-crest escarpment, and escarpment slope and height. We developed different statistical relations for thickness of colluvium on four landforms. Groundwater model input includes colluvium basal slope and distance from the Fraser aquifer. This distance was used to estimate hydraulic conductivity based on the assumption that addition of finer-grained material from downsection would result in lower conductivity. Colluvial groundwater is perched so we estimated its saturated thickness. We used VS2DI to establish relations between saturated thickness and the hydraulic conductivity and basal slope of the colluvium. We developed different statistical relations for three groundwater flow regimes. All model results were validated using observational data that were excluded from calibration. Eighty percent of colluvium thickness predictions were within 25% of observed values and 88% of saturated thickness predictions were within 20% of observed values. The models are based on conditions common to many areas, so our method can provide accurate results for similar regions; relations in our statistical models require calibration for new regions. Our results suggest that Seattle landslides occur in native deposits and colluvium, ultimately in response to surface-water erosion of hillslope toes. Regional groundwater conditions do not appear to strongly affect the general distribution of Seattle landslides; historical landslides were equally dispersed within and outside of the area potentially affected by regional groundwater conditions.

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Sliding in Seattle: Test of a model of shallow landsliding potential in an urban environment

Cited by 14 publications

References 13 publications

Remote Sensing for Landslide Investigations: An Overview of Recent Achievements and Perspectives

Remote Sensing for Landslide Investigations: An Overview of Recent Achievements and Perspectives

Rainfall characteristics for shallow landsliding in Seattle, Washington, USA

Modeling the spatial distribution of landslide‐prone colluvium and shallow groundwater on hillslopes of Seattle, WA

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