Slip rates on the Helike Fault, Gulf of Corinth, Greece: new evidence from geoarchaeology

Koukouvelas, Ioannis; Katsonopoulou, Dora; Soter, Steven; Xypolias, P.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3121.2005.00603.x

Cited by 35 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Bronze coins dating from the time of Emperor Aurelian (A.D. 270-275) to the late 4th to early 5th century A.D. provide evidence for the lifespan of the building. An extensive destruction layer both within and outside the building shows that an earthquake destroyed the building, probably in the late 5th century (Katsonopoulou, 1998;Koukouvelas et al, 2001Koukouvelas et al, , 2005. This is significant because we have not found any historical documentation for an earthquake in this area in late Roman times.…”

Section: Klonis (Kl)mentioning

confidence: 87%

Submergence and uplift of settlements in the area of Helike, Greece, from the Early Bronze Age to late antiquity

Soter

Katsonopoulou²

2011

Geoarchaeology

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Excavations in the Helike Delta on the Gulf of Corinth have brought to light architectural remains from the Early Bronze Age (EBA), Geometric, Classical, Hellenistic, Roman, and Byzantine periods. Borehole results suggest that a lagoon intermittently occupied much of the delta during the Holocene. We discovered a well-preserved EBA settlement about 1 km inland from the present shore, buried under 3 to 5 m of fine sediments containing marine, brackish, and freshwater microfossils. A Classical site 130 m away, buried under 3 m of similar sediments, may have been destroyed by the earthquake and tsunami of 373 B.C., which submerged the city of Helike. Possible tsunami evidence is noted. Although the EBA and Classical sites were both long submerged and buried by lagoonal sediments, tectonic uplift has raised both horizons above sea level. A shallow black clay layer suggests that a marsh covered the Classical and EBA sites in Byzantine times.

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Section: Klonis (Kl)mentioning

confidence: 87%

Submergence and uplift of settlements in the area of Helike, Greece, from the Early Bronze Age to late antiquity

Soter

Katsonopoulou²

2011

Geoarchaeology

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“…Only two trenches are in contact with bedrock limestone or older fluvial sediments (KAP2 and KAP3). Trenches excavated along the Eliki and Paleohori-Sarakina faults were already published Pavlides et al, 2004;Koukouvelas et al, 2005). In contrast, for the Kapareli and Stivos faults original data will be presented.…”

Section: Trench Site Setting and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…3). Trenches are logged at 1:20 scale and detailed lithologic descriptions and interpretations are given in Koukouvelas et al (2001), Pavlides et al (2004) and Koukouvelas et al (2005). In summary, the lowermost exposed unit within the trenches is boulderycobbly clast supported gravel, interpreted as river bed deposit (unit F2; Fig.…”

Section: The Eliki Faultmentioning

confidence: 99%

Palaeoseismic data and their implication for active deformation in Greece

Chatzipetros

Κοκκάλας

Pavlides

et al. 2005

Journal of Geodynamics

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“…Onshore, trenches have been dug on the Aigion and Helike faults (Koukouvelas et al, 2001;Pantosti et al, 2004;Pavlides et al, 2004;Koukouvelas et al, 2005). They allowed an estimation of a maximum recurrence time of 360 yr for large earthquakes on the Aigion fault (Pantosti et al, 2004), and highlighted an increase in slip rate for the Helike fault during the late Holocene, associated with a cluster of four earthquakes between 1000 BCE and 0 (Koukouvelas et al, 2005).…”

Section: Physical Setting and Previous Work In Paleoseismologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They allowed an estimation of a maximum recurrence time of 360 yr for large earthquakes on the Aigion fault (Pantosti et al, 2004), and highlighted an increase in slip rate for the Helike fault during the late Holocene, associated with a cluster of four earthquakes between 1000 BCE and 0 (Koukouvelas et al, 2005). Tsunami deposits have been searched for onshore in the western Gulf at four different sites (Kontopoulos and Avramidis, 2003;De Martini et al, 2007;Kortekaas et al, 2011).…”

Section: Physical Setting and Previous Work In Paleoseismologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Sedimentary impacts of recent moderate earthquakes from the shelves to the basin floor in the western Gulf of Corinth

et al. 2017

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a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f oIn seismically active areas, long term records of large earthquakes are indispensable to constrain reccurence patterns of large earthquakes. In the western Corinth Rift, one of the most active areas in Europe in terms of seismicity, data about ancient earthquakes are still insufficient, despite historical records covering the last two millenia and several studies in onshore paleoseimology. In this paper, we test the use of offshore sediments from the Gulf of Corinth to identify sediment failures and tsunamis that have been triggered by historical earthquakes. Two shelves (40-100 m deep), one sub-basin (180 m) and the basin floor (330 m) have been sampled by short gravity cores. The cores were analyzed in order to identify and characterize event deposits. The age control has been provided by 137 Cs and 210 Pb activity measurements showing that the cores represent 2 to 4 centuries of sedimentation. In each site, sandy event deposits are interbeded in the muddy, hemipelagic sedimentation. The age of event deposits has been compared to the record of historical earthquakes using new and published macroseismic data. This comparison shows temporal coincidence of some event deposits and documented earthquakes with a macroseismic intensity ≥ VII in the area, e.g. in 1861 CE, 1888 CE and 1909 CE. In nearshore, shallow-water settings, the record of event deposits does not exactly fit with the historical record of large earthquakes because too few event deposits are present. This may be due to the absence of sediment failures or to a lower preservation of the deposits in such settings. In the deepest site, in the basin floor, the correspondence is better: a sandy turbidite probably corresponds to each large earthquake since 1850 CE, except one aseismic sediment density flow that occurred at the end of the 20th century. Surprisingly, the Ms = 6.2, June 15, 1995 Aigion earthquake is only possibly recorded in one nearshore site on the Aigion Shelf, in the form of a tsunami back-wash flow deposit. This study showed that moderate earthquakes (M 5.8-6.5) can significantly impact marine sediments. Regarding the evaluation of seismic hazard in the area, the basin floor is proposed as a promising site for long term paleoseismology in the Gulf of Corinth, while shallower settings need to be considered more carefully.

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Slip rates on the Helike Fault, Gulf of Corinth, Greece: new evidence from geoarchaeology

Cited by 35 publications

References 20 publications

Submergence and uplift of settlements in the area of Helike, Greece, from the Early Bronze Age to late antiquity

Submergence and uplift of settlements in the area of Helike, Greece, from the Early Bronze Age to late antiquity

Palaeoseismic data and their implication for active deformation in Greece

Sedimentary impacts of recent moderate earthquakes from the shelves to the basin floor in the western Gulf of Corinth

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