Slit-lamp, Confocal, and Light Microscopic Findings of Corneal Siderosis

Abstract

Corneal biopsy with Prussian blue established siderosis as the etiology of corneal pigmentation. A short delay in the removal of the foreign body contributed to the development of siderosis. The location of the foreign body on the iris may account for the predominant corneal involvement and relative sparing of the retina. Confocal microscopy may be useful in the evaluation of corneal siderosis.

Confocal Microscopy After Descemet Stripping Endothelial Keratoplasty: A Case Report

“…18 Confocal microscopy has been shown after refractive surgery, 19-21 manual descemet stripping keratoplasty, 22 deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty, 23 corneal collagen cross-linking, 24 amniotic membrane transplantation, 25 and microscopic findings of corneal pathologies. [26][27][28][29] In our study, significant edema, at baseline, did not allow the endothelial analysis through specular microscopy; more information was observed by confocal scanning microscope (Fig. 1).…”

The role of in vivo confocal microscopy in the diagnosis of hidden corneal foreign bodies

“…The reflection from metal corneal foreign bodies was lower than that from glass foreign bodies; the metal foreign bodies had sharp edges and were shaped as chunks or chippings. 19,20 The most common type of hidden corneal foreign body was plant matter, which was seen as spiny, exhibited a lower reflectivity than the other foreign bodies described and had a tendency to prick into the superficial cornea. Plant foreign bodies are important vectors of corneal contamination – the fungal keratitis in eight patients was caused by plant foreign bodies, which correlates with values found in studies by Wang et al .…”

“…The reflection from metal corneal foreign bodies was lower than that from glass foreign bodies; the metal foreign bodies had sharp edges and were shaped as chunks or chippings. 19,20 The most common type of hidden corneal foreign body was plant matter, which was seen as spiny, exhibited a lower reflectivity than the other foreign bodies described and had a Figure 2. In vivo confocal microscopy images of hidden corneal foreign bodies in representative patients: (a) highly reflective spiny foreign body (arrow), the triangle shows a corneal nerve, scanned at a depth of 64 mm; (b) flaky metal foreign bodies (arrows) detected at a depth of 135 mm; (c) several highly reflective stone granules (arrows), located at a depth of 234 mm; (d) highly reflective and knife-edged glass foreign body (arrow), observed at a depth of 66 mm; (e) tiny particles (arrow) from a bee sting, observed at a depth of 97 mm; (f) a tiny eyelash fragment (arrow) at a depth of 449 mm in the cornea.…”

Corneal melting induced by a presumed copper‐containing foreign body

“…Copper has an affinity for basement membranes and cause pigmentation in Descemet's membrane, lens capsule, and internal limiting membrane of the retina, 1 and it is commonly described to be golden brown or greenish yellow in colour 2 . An iron foreign body can also deposit in cornea, but usually in epithelium and stroma 3 . To our knowledge, other metallic ocular foreign bodies are almost inert and will not lead to corneal pigment deposition with the exception of silver, 4 which has been reported to cause corneal argyrosis without inflammation.…”