Slovenian national food consumption survey in adolescents, adults and elderly

Gregorič, Matej; Blaznik, Urška; Delfar, Nataša; Zaletel, Marjan; Lavtar, Darja; Seljak, Barbara Koroušić; Golja, Petra; Kotnik, Katja Zdešar; Pravst, Igor; Mis, Nataša Fidler; Kostanjevec, Stojan; Pajnkihar, Majda; Vatovec, Tamara Poklar; Grom, Ada Hočevar

doi:10.2903/sp.efsa.2019.en-1729

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The detailed study design and sample are described in detail elsewhere [16]. In short, the subjects of the SI.Menu survey were selected according to a two-stage, stratified sampling procedure.…”

Section: Design and Study Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Intakes of Slovenian Adults and Elderly: Design and Results of the National Dietary Study SI.Menu 2017/18

et al. 2022

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Incomparable and insufficiently detailed information on dietary intakes are common challenges associated with dietary assessment methods. Being a European Union country, Slovenia is expected to conduct national food consumption studies in line with harmonised EU Menu methodology. The present study aimed to describe the methodology and protocols in the Slovenian nationally representative dietary survey SI.Menu 2017/18, and to assess population dietary habits with respect to food consumption and energy and macronutrient intakes. While the study targeted various population groups, this report is focused on adults. A representative sample of participants was randomly selected from the Central Register of Population according to sex, age classes and place of residency, following a two-stage stratified sampling procedure. Information on food consumption was collected with two non-consecutive 24-h dietary recalls using a web-based Open Platform for Clinical Nutrition (OPEN) software. Data were complemented with a food propensity questionnaire to adjust for usual intake distribution. Altogether, 364 adults (18–64 years) and 416 elderlies (65–74 years) were included in the data analyses. Study results highlighted that observed dietary patterns notably differ from food-based dietary guidelines. Typical diets are unbalanced due to high amounts of consumed meat and meat products, foods high in sugar, fat and salt, and low intake of fruits and vegetables and milk and dairy products. Consequently, the energy proportion of carbohydrates, proteins, and to some extent, free sugars and total fats, as well as intake of dietary fibre and total water deviates from the reference values. Age and sex were significantly marked by differences in dietary intakes, with particularly unfavourable trends in adults and men. Study results call for adoption of prevention and public health intervention strategies to improve dietary patterns, taking into account population group differences. In addition, all developed protocols and tools will be useful for further data collection, supporting regular dietary monitoring systems and trend analyses.

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Section: Design and Study Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Intakes of Slovenian Adults and Elderly: Design and Results of the National Dietary Study SI.Menu 2017/18

et al. 2022

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“…We conducted our experiments on a dataset derived from a dataset from the SImenu study [ 22 ]. While it would be better to gather data through the LBC application questionnaire, preferably at multiple time points for each user, our dataset is valid for developing algorithms and running experiments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food Frequency Questionnaire Personalisation Using Multi-Target Regression

et al. 2022

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Fondazione Bruno Kessler is developing a mobile app prototype for empowering citizens to improve their health conditions through different lifestyle interventions that will be incorporated into a mobile application for lifestyle promotion of the Province of Trento in the context of the Trentino Salute 4.0 Competence Center. The envisioned interventions are based on promoting behaviour change in various domains such as physical activity, mental health and nutrition. In particular, the nutrition component is a self-monitoring module that collects dietary habits to analyse them and recommend healthier eating behaviours. Dietary assessment is completed using a Food Frequency Questionnaire on the Mediterranean diet that is presented to the user as a grid of images. The questionnaire returns feedback on 11 aspects of nutrition. Although the questionnaire used in the application only consists of 24 questions, it still could be a bit overwhelming and a bit crowded when shown on the screen. In this paper, we tried to find a machine-learning-based solution to reduce the number of questions in the questionnaire. We proposed a method that uses the user’s previous answers as additional information to find the goals that need more attention. We compared this method with a case where the subset of questions is randomly selected and with a case where the subset is chosen using feature selection. We also explored how large the subset should be to obtain good predictions. All the experiments are conducted as a multi-target regression problem, which means several goals are predicted simultaneously. The proposed method adjusts well to the user in question and has the slightest error when predicting the goals.

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“…The methodology of the survey followed the EFSA guidance on European Union Menu Methodology [ 20 ]. The details about the methodology and sample characteristics are presented elsewhere [ 21 ]. Briefly, the sample size consisted of 1,520 selected individuals with their residence in Slovenia, and the sample was selected using the Central Register of Population of Slovenia.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adherence and Sociodemographic Determinants of Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet among Slovenian Adults and the Elderly

2023

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The Mediterranean diet (MD) is considered a model for good health, and is promoted worldwide as one of the healthiest dietary patterns. Despite the MD’s health benefits, the literature suggests that adherence to the MD tends to be in decline in most populations worldwide, including those in the Mediterranean region. The aim of this study was to investigate adherence to the MD, and its main sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, in the Slovenian population. Using a nationwide cross-sectional food consumption survey (SI.Menu), data were collected from a general questionnaire, from the 14-item MD adherence screener (14-MEDAS score), and from a questionnaire on the dietary habits of 850 adults and elderly people. The mean MEDAS score for the total study sample was 5.6 (SD 2.1), indicating a low adherence to the MD among the Slovenian population. The adherence to the MD was higher among women (OR = 1.534; 95% Cl 1.156–2.034), those with a university degree (OR = 1.527; 1.098–2.125; compared to those with no university degree), those who lived in a suburb or city (OR = 1.511; 1.016–2.249; OR = 1.568; 1.122–2.191; compared with those who lived in a village), non-smokers (OR = 1.561; 1.380–1.830; compared with smokers), and those who lived in the western part of Slovenia (OR = 1.558; 1.170–2.074; compared with those who lived in eastern Slovenia). Adherence to the MD in the Slovenian population is low, and is strongly related to educational level, gender, geographic region, place of residence, and smoking status. The frequency of the consumption of different food groups is also closely related.

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Slovenian national food consumption survey in adolescents, adults and elderly

Cited by 18 publications

References 11 publications

Dietary Intakes of Slovenian Adults and Elderly: Design and Results of the National Dietary Study SI.Menu 2017/18

Dietary Intakes of Slovenian Adults and Elderly: Design and Results of the National Dietary Study SI.Menu 2017/18

Food Frequency Questionnaire Personalisation Using Multi-Target Regression

Adherence and Sociodemographic Determinants of Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet among Slovenian Adults and the Elderly

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