Slow and fast dietary proteins differently modulate postprandial protein accretion

Boirie‌, Yves; Dangin, Martial; Gachon, Pierre; Vasson, M.-P.; Maubois, J.L.; Beaufrère, B.

doi:10.1073/pnas.94.26.14930

Cited by 1,225 publications

(1,125 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In contrast, ingestion of a fast protein resulted in greater (whole-body) net protein retention compared to a slow protein when provided to healthy, older men (82,84,86,92) . The latter response might be attributed to the reported anabolic resistance of the muscle protein synthetic machinery to become activated in the elderly.…”

Section: Proceedings Of the Nutrition Societymentioning

confidence: 89%

Dietary protein and exercise training in ageing

Koopman

2010

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

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Ageing is accompanied by a progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength, leading to the loss of functional capacity and an increased risk for developing chronic metabolic diseases such as diabetes. The age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass results from a chronic disruption in the balance between muscle protein synthesis and degradation. As basal muscle protein synthesis rates are likely not different between healthy young and elderly human subjects, it was proposed that muscles from older adults lack the ability to regulate the protein synthetic response to anabolic stimuli, such as food intake and physical activity. Indeed, the doseresponse relationship between myofibrillar protein synthesis and the availability of essential amino acids and/or resistance exercise intensity is shifted down and to the right in elderly human subjects. This so-called 'anabolic resistance' represents a key factor responsible for the age-related decline in skeletal muscle mass. Interestingly, long-term resistance exercise training is effective as a therapeutic intervention to augment skeletal muscle mass, and improves functional performance in the elderly. The consumption of different types of proteins, i.e. protein hydrolysates, can have different stimulatory effects on muscle protein synthesis in the elderly, which may be due to their higher rate of digestion and absorption. Current research aims to elucidate the interactions between nutrition, exercise and the skeletal muscle adaptive response that will define more effective strategies to maximise the therapeutic benefits of lifestyle interventions in the elderly. Sarcopenia: Nutrition: Exercise training: Muscle hypertrophyThe preservation of muscle function is crucial for maintaining an independent lifestyle and the capacity to perform the activities of daily living in the elderly. One of the important factors in the loss of functional performance is the progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass with ageing, called 'sarcopenia' (1)(2)(3) . This apparent muscle wasting in elderly human subjects occurs at a rate of about 0 . 5-1 . 0% per year starting at about 40 years of age. Lean muscle mass contributes up to about 50% of the total body mass of young adults but can decline to 25% by 75-80 years of age (4,5) . The loss of muscle mass is most notable in the lower limb muscles, with the cross-sectional area of the vastus lateralis reduced by as much as 40% at the age of 80 years (6) . Sarcopenia is associated with a three-to fourfold increased likelihood of disabilities and the loss of muscle mass especially in the lower limbs is associated with an increased risk of falls and impairment in the ability to perform routine activities.The loss of muscle mass is viewed as a largely inevitable and undesirable consequence of ageing (7) , with muscle loss estimated to affect 30% of people older than 60 years and >50 % of those older than 80 years (1) . Demographic studies indicate that the world's population aged 60 years and above will triple within the next 50 years, and the su...

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Section: Proceedings Of the Nutrition Societymentioning

confidence: 89%

Dietary protein and exercise training in ageing

Koopman

2010

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

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“…The enzymatic digestion of carbohydrates is very rapid since almost all glucose is absorbed in the duodenum and the first 50-75 cm of the jejunum (Bernier et al, 1988). Similarly, milk protein and lipids are rapidly digested since aminoacidemia and triglyceridemia increase about 20 to 60-90 min, respectively, after ingestion of a complete diet (Boirie et al, 1997). Energy intake at breakfast was the mean of the values obtained during two consecutive days.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The extent to which breakfast covers the morning energy expenditure of adolescents with varying levels of physical activity

Vermorel

Bitar²,

Vernet

et al. 2003

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Background: Energy intake at breakfast affects the performance of creativity tests, memory recall and voluntary physical endurance in children before lunch, and food craving during the whole day. Objectives: To assess the adequacy of breakfast energy supply (BES) and energy expenditure (EE) in adolescents during a schoolday without or with 2 h of physical education lesson (PEL) in the morning. Design: Sixty adolescents (four groups of 14-16 boys and girls aged 12-16 y) participated in a cross-sectional study. Activity patterns and EE were determined by whole-body calorimetry during 36 h and in free-living conditions during 5 days using both a diary and the validated heart rate recording method. BES was determined by weighing individual foods. The pyloric energy flow was assessed using a model of fractional stomach emptying. Results: BES averaged 24.9% (s.d. ¼ 6.1) of daily EE in the four groups of subjects. It covered the mean morning EE on a schoolday without PEL, but not in a schoolday with 2 h of PEL in any group. When PEL took place from 8-10 am the cumulative EE exceeded the cumulative pyloric energy flow after 105-150 min, that is during the PEL session, and the energy deficit increased until lunch. With a light breakfast (BES 7 1 s.d.) energy deficiency happened after 90 min. Conclusion:The results stress the need for a heavy breakfast for children and adolescents on the days with PEL in the morning, and a carbohydrate rich snack at 10 am to improve attention, memory and willing participation in physical activities.

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“…Dietary nutrients can be divided into slow and fast types according to the speed at which they are digested and according to the proportion of nutrients absorbed from the gut. For instance, studies in humans indicate that a slow rate of dietary protein digestion as with casein may promote postprandial protein deposition unlike a rapid rate of dietary protein absorption, as with whey (Boirie et al, 1997). In calves, the coagulation of milk caseins in the abomasum results in the retention of dietary proteins and TGs in an insoluble clot for several hours.…”

Section: Effect Of Nutrient Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses to nutrients in farm animals: implications for production and quality

Hocquette

Tesseraud

Cassar-Malek

et al. 2007

Animal

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It is well known that any quantitative (energy and protein levels) and qualitative (nature of the diet, nutrient dynamic) changes in the feeding of animals affect metabolism. Energy expenditure and feed efficiency at the whole-body level, nutrient partitioning between and within tissues and organs and, ultimately, tissue and organ characteristics are the major regulated traits with consequences on the quality of the meat and milk produced. Recent progress in biology has brought to light important biological mechanisms which explain these observations: for instance, regulation by the nutrients of gene expression or of key metabolic enzyme activity, interaction and sometimes cross-regulation or competition between nutrients to provide free energy (ATP) to living cells, indirect action of nutrients through a complex hormonal action, and, particularly in herbivores, interactions between trans-fatty acids produced in the rumen and tissue metabolism. One of the main targets of this nutritional regulation is a modification of tissue insulin sensitivity and hence of insulin action. In addition, the nutritional control of mitochondrial activity (and hence of nutrient catabolism) is another major mechanism by which nutrients may affect body composition and tissue characteristics. These regulations are of great importance in the most metabolically active tissues (the digestive tract and the liver) and may have undesirable (i.e. diabetes and obesity in humans) or desirable consequences (such as the production of fatty liver by ducks and geese, and the production of fatty and hence tasty meat or milk with an adapted fatty acid profile).

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Slow and fast dietary proteins differently modulate postprandial protein accretion

Cited by 1,225 publications

References 31 publications

Dietary protein and exercise training in ageing

Dietary protein and exercise training in ageing

The extent to which breakfast covers the morning energy expenditure of adolescents with varying levels of physical activity

Responses to nutrients in farm animals: implications for production and quality

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