Slow release of ions from internalized silver nanoparticles modifies the epidermal growth factor signaling response

Colloidal silver nanoparticles improve anti-leukemic drug efficacy via amplification of oxidative stress

“…Moreover, ion release is shown to be cooperative oxidation process requiring both dissolved dioxygen and protons [36]. Our in vitro results also demonstrated that the acid environment would speed up the release of silver ions from AgNPs, which has been confirmed by a recent study that AgNPs in lysosomal fluid very quickly dissolve into a nearly pure ion form as a result of the low pH of this fluid [37]. In fact, plenty of studies have demonstrated that AgNPs could be internalized into lysosomes and degrade to release silver ions intracellularly and induce toxicity [38,39].…”

Preliminary protein corona formation stabilizes gold nanoparticles and improves deposition efficiency

“…These data sets suggest that the presence of flow was not harmful to the HaCaTs; however, it did severely disrupt AuNP biotransport mechanisms and final deposition efficiency was successfully formed around 10-nm AuNPs. In addition to its surface receptors, EGF was specifically selected because of its documented interactions with NPs (Comfort et al 2014b). EGF-AuNPs displayed modified behavior and an altered protein corona as compared to stock AuNPs; verifying our prediction.…”

A systematic review of evidence for silver nanoparticle-induced mitochondrial toxicity

“…Ionization of AgNPs within the intracellular space has the potential to cause mitochondrial dysfunction via mechanisms including oxidative stress, but has yet to be investigated as a primary factor in the development of mitochondrial toxicity. Because dissolution of AgNPs to silver ions occurs in vivo 11,48 and may be accelerated by localization to acidic compartments such as lysosomes, 49,50 silver ions derived from AgNPs have the potential to exert cell-specific and organelle-specific toxicity. In vitro, silver ions are taken up by cells and move from the soluble to the insoluble cellular fraction over time, bind to metallothionein, and inhibit ETC enzymes.…”