Sluggish Cognitive Tempo (Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome) and Academic Functioning: A Systematic Review and Agenda for Future Research

Fredrick, Joseph W.; Becker, Stephen P.

doi:10.1007/s10567-022-00411-6

Cited by 16 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…The present study is also the first to examine this question with adults from Iran. Data from 60 cross-sectional and longitudinal studies have shown that higher scores for CDS are associated with a poorer academic performance [22]. More specifically, higher CDS symptoms have been associated with: (i) poorer skills in daily life executive functioning and a greater functional impairment in the specific domains of educational activities, work, money/financial issues, managing chores and household tasks, community activities, and social situations with strangers and friends [23]; (ii) lower scores for self-organization and problem solving; (iii) higher scores for a distorted time perception [18]; (iv) a weaker orienting network due to the problems of engaging and disengaging attention [24]; (v) a reduced speed and efficacy of selective attention in early information processing [25]; (vi) more deficits in the use of self-regulated learning strategies [26]; and (vii) more difficulties in a timed reading test, although students with CDS were not slower than controls in reading comprehension, processing speed, and reading fluency [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of the Farsi Version of the Adult Concentration Inventory for Assessing Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome

Bahmani

Parhoon

et al. 2023

JCM

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The internal and external validity of cognitive disengagement syndrome (CDS) relative to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder-inattention (ADHD-IN) was evaluated herein with Farsi-speaking adults. A total of 837 Iranian adults assessed throughout the whole country (54.72% women, Mage = 23.85; SD = 7.05; age range = 18 to 58 years; 75% between 18 and 24 years old; reporting higher educational training) completed self-report measures of CDS, ADHD-IN, ADHD-hyperactivity/impulsivity (HI), depression, anxiety, and stress. Seven of the fifteen CDS symptoms showed a good convergent (high loadings on the CDS factor) and discriminant (higher loadings on the CDS factor than the ADHD-IN factor) validity. CDS also showed stronger first-order and unique associations with depression than ADHD-IN, whereas ADHD-IN showed stronger first-order and unique associations with ADHD-HI and anxiety than CDS. The first-order and unique associations of CDS and ADHD-IN did not differ in relation to stress. This study is the first to support the validity of the self-report of assessing CDS symptoms with the Adult Concentration Inventory with Farsi-speaking individuals residing in Iran, thus further strengthening the transcultural validity of the CDS, and paving the way for further transcultural research in the field of CDS among adults.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of the Farsi Version of the Adult Concentration Inventory for Assessing Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome

Bahmani

Parhoon

et al. 2023

JCM

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“…The Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome (CDS) Fredrick & Becker, 2022a, 2022b, previously referred to as Sluggish Cognitive Tempo (SCT), refers to a cluster of symptoms characterised by excessive lethargy, mental confusion, and drowsiness (Becker, 2021;Becker & Barkley, 2018). The current name CDS is used instead of SCT in the present paper.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-informant assessment of Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome (formerly Sluggish Cognitive Tempo). Self-reported measures of children in relation to parents

Cano-Crespo,

Moreno-García,

Servera

et al. 2024

An. psicol.

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The aim was to examine, using a multi-informant approach, parent and child measures of Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome (CDS) and their relationship with internalising and externalising symptoms. 279 children (9-13 years old) and their parents completed assessments of the CDS, the inattention of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and other internalising and externalising measures. The items of the three measures of CDS converged reasonably well on the CDS factor. Discriminant evidence of validity of the relationships between test scores and the measures of the three different constructs (CDS, loneliness and preference for solitude) was provided. A stronger association was found between parental assessment of the measures of CDS with anxiety and depression and between inattention with hyperactivity/impulsivity and oppositional defiant disorder. The predictive ability of the measure of CDS on self-reported measures of loneliness and preference for being alone was observed. A possible association was found between parent-rated CDS measure and children's gender and age. In conclusion, the data support the inclusion of self-reported measures in assessing CDS. Measures of CDS in children are linked to other internalising measures and inattention to externalising measures. El objetivo fue examinar, desde una aproximación multi-informante, las medidas del Síndrome de Desconexión Cognitiva (SDC) de padres/madres e hijos/as y su relación con síntomas internalizantes y externalizantes. 279 niños/as (9-13 años), y sus padres/madres completaron las evaluaciones sobre SDC, la inatención del trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad (TDAH) y otras medidas internalizadas y externalizadas. Los ítems de las tres medidas de SDC convergieron razonablemente bien en el factor SDC. Se aportaron pruebas discriminantes de la validez de las relaciones entre las puntuaciones de las pruebas y las medidas de los tres constructos diferentes (SDC, soledad y preferencia por la soledad). La asociación más estrecha estuvo entre la evaluación parental de las medidas de SDC con ansiedad y depresión, y entre inatención con hiperactividad/impulsividad y trastorno negativista desafiante. Se observó capacidad predictiva de la medida de SDC sobre la soledad y preferencia por estar solo autoinformadas. Se encontró una posible asociación entre la medida del SDC evaluado por padres/madres y sexo y edad de los niños. En conclusión, los datos apoyan la inclusión de medidas autoinformadas en la evaluación del SDC. Las medidas del SDC en niños se vinculan con medidas internalizantes y, la inatención con las externalizantes.

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“…Sluggish Cognitive Tempo (SCT), currently known as Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome (CDS) [1][2][3], includes a set of symptoms characterised by excessive drowsiness, lethargy and mental confusion [1,4,5]. The reliability and convergent and discriminant validity of the items that evaluate CDS have been proved with other measures, especially the inattention (IN) of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which is strongly associated with [5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome and Child Sleep Problems in ADHD, Anxiety and Depression

et al. 2023

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The main objective of this study was to analyse the relationship and differential contribution of Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome (CDS) and sleep problems in children in different psychopathological measures. A total of 1133 participants (612 fathers/mothers and 521 children aged 7–13 years in Years 3–6 of Primary Education) completed the scales on CDS, sleep problems, depression (DEP), anxiety (ANX) and attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Similar and significant correlations were identified in the measures of CDS and sleep problems between fathers and mothers, obtaining a high coefficient between the two parents. However, weak correlations were found between fathers/mothers and children. The scores of CDS and the sleep disturbance scale for children (SDSC) significantly predicted the internalising measures and ADHD, especially between SDSC and DEP. It was confirmed that sleep problems had a greater presence in the group of children with the highest ADHD scores, and especially in CDS and ADHD jointly. To conclude, the data indicate the importance of sleep problems in understanding CDS and its relationship with other psychopathological measures, especially ADHD, although to a greater extent with internalising symptoms, especially DEP.

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Sluggish Cognitive Tempo (Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome) and Academic Functioning: A Systematic Review and Agenda for Future Research

Cited by 16 publications

References 95 publications

Validation of the Farsi Version of the Adult Concentration Inventory for Assessing Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome

Validation of the Farsi Version of the Adult Concentration Inventory for Assessing Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome

Multi-informant assessment of Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome (formerly Sluggish Cognitive Tempo). Self-reported measures of children in relation to parents

Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome and Child Sleep Problems in ADHD, Anxiety and Depression

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