Slums and informal housing in India: a critical look at official statistics with regard to water and sanitation

Christ, Kilian; Baier, Klaus; Azzam, Rafig

doi:10.1080/02508060.2016.1139656

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…C1-2 analyzes the problem of ‘[informal] housing’, its roots in ‘urban poverty’ and how it thwarts ‘urban development’ (e.g., [ 54 – 56 ]). The cluster includes nodes referring to the various strategies promoted by the government (‘informal settlements upgrade’, ‘slum upgrading’, ‘urban redevelopment’) and civil society (‘participation’ ‘citizen-state relations’) to improve housing conditions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Unveiling the intellectual structure of informality: Insights from the socioeconomic literature

Gómez-Cruz,

Anzola,

Batz Liñeiro

2024

PLoS ONE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the socioeconomic sphere, the concept of informality has been used to address issues pertaining to economic dynamics, institutions, work, poverty, settlements, the use of space, development, and sustainability, among others. This thematic range has given way to multiple discourses, definitions and approaches that mostly focus on a single phenomenon and conform to traditional disciplinary lines, making it difficult to fully understand informality and adequately inform policymaking. In this article, we carried out a multilevel co-word analysis with the purpose of unveiling the intellectual structure of socioeconomic informality. Co-occurring document keywords were used, initially, to delimit the scope of the socioeconomic dimension of informality (macro level) and, later, to identify its main concepts, themes (meso level) and sub-themes (micro level). Our results show that there is a corpus of research on socioeconomic informality that is sufficiently differentiable from other types of informality. This corpus, at the same time, can be divided into six major themes and 31 sub-themes related, more prominently, to the informal economy, informal settlements and informal institutions. Looking forward, the analysis suggests, an increasing focus on context and on the experience of multiple ‘informalities’ has the potential, on the one hand, to reveal links that help unify this historically fragmented corpus and, on the other hand, to give informality a meaning and identity that go beyond the traditional formal-informal dualism.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…C1-2 analyzes the problem of '[informal] housing', its roots in 'urban poverty' and how it thwarts 'urban development' (e.g., [54][55][56]). The cluster includes nodes referring to the various…”

Section: Micro Level: Subthemes In Socioeconomic Informalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Unveiling the intellectual structure of informality: Insights from the socioeconomic literature

Gómez-Cruz,

Anzola,

Batz Liñeiro

2024

PLoS ONE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…2020, 12, 982 7 of 26 factors of deprived areas. Second, this approach could exclude small deprived areas within a larger nondeprived areas [79] or small remote settlements [70]. In general, the size of deprived areas can be rather small [70].…”

Section: Aggregated Slum Households Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Earth Observation in an Integrated Deprived Area Mapping “System” for Low-to-Middle Income Countries

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Urbanization in the global South has been accompanied by the proliferation of vast informal and marginalized urban areas that lack access to essential services and infrastructure. UN-Habitat estimates that close to a billion people currently live in these deprived and informal urban settlements, generally grouped under the term of urban slums. Two major knowledge gaps undermine the efforts to monitor progress towards the corresponding sustainable development goal (i.e., SDG 11—Sustainable Cities and Communities). First, the data available for cities worldwide is patchy and insufficient to differentiate between the diversity of urban areas with respect to their access to essential services and their specific infrastructure needs. Second, existing approaches used to map deprived areas (i.e., aggregated household data, Earth observation (EO), and community-driven data collection) are mostly siloed, and, individually, they often lack transferability and scalability and fail to include the opinions of different interest groups. In particular, EO-based-deprived area mapping approaches are mostly top-down, with very little attention given to ground information and interaction with urban communities and stakeholders. Existing top-down methods should be complemented with bottom-up approaches to produce routinely updated, accurate, and timely deprived area maps. In this review, we first assess the strengths and limitations of existing deprived area mapping methods. We then propose an Integrated Deprived Area Mapping System (IDeAMapS) framework that leverages the strengths of EO- and community-based approaches. The proposed framework offers a way forward to map deprived areas globally, routinely, and with maximum accuracy to support SDG 11 monitoring and the needs of different interest groups.

show abstract

“…First, the indicators of a "slum household" do not reflect the social, environmental, and ecological factors that define deprived urban areas (Lilford et al, 2019). Second, this approach could exclude small pockets of deprived areas within a larger nondeprived area (Christ et al, 2016). A typical "slum area" is 1.6 hectares (less than two football fields) (Friesen et al, 2018).…”

Section: Existing Approaches To Area Deprivation Mappingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical Commentary: Need for an Integrated Deprived Area “Slum” Mapping System (IDeAMapS) in LMICs

Thomson¹,

Kuffer²,

Boo³

et al. 2019

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ninety percent of the people added to the planet over the next 30 years will live in African and Asian cities, and a large portion of these populations will reside in deprived neighborhoods defined by slum conditions, informal settlement, or inadequate housing. The four current approaches to neighborhood deprivation mapping are largely silo-ed, and each fall short of producing accurate, timely, comparable maps that reflect local contexts. The first approach, classifying “slum households” in census and survey data and aggregating to administrative areas, reflects household-level rather than neighborhood-level deprivation. The second approach, field-based mapping, can produce the most accurate and context-relevant maps for a given neighborhood, however it requires substantial resources, preventing up-scaling. The third and fourth approaches, human interpretation and machine classification of satellite, aerial, or drone imagery, both overemphasize informal settlements, and fail to represent key social characteristics of deprived areas such as lack of tenure, exposure to pollution, and lack of basic public services. The latter, machine classification of imagery, can be automated and extended to incorporate new and multiple sources of data. This diverse collection of authors represent experts from these four approaches to neighborhood deprivation mapping. We summarize common areas of understanding, and present a set of requirements to produce maps of deprived urban areas that can be used by local-to-international stakeholders for advocacy, planning, and decision-making.

show abstract

Slums and informal housing in India: a critical look at official statistics with regard to water and sanitation

Cited by 8 publications

References 2 publications

Unveiling the intellectual structure of informality: Insights from the socioeconomic literature

Unveiling the intellectual structure of informality: Insights from the socioeconomic literature

The Role of Earth Observation in an Integrated Deprived Area Mapping “System” for Low-to-Middle Income Countries

Critical Commentary: Need for an Integrated Deprived Area “Slum” Mapping System (IDeAMapS) in LMICs

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Slums and informal housing in India: a critical look at official statistics with regard to water and sanitation

Cited by 8 publications

References 2 publications

Unveiling the intellectual structure of informality: Insights from the socioeconomic literature

Unveiling the intellectual structure of informality: Insights from the socioeconomic literature

The Role of Earth Observation in an Integrated Deprived Area Mapping “System” for Low-to-Middle Income Countries

Critical Commentary: Need for an Integrated Deprived Area &ldquo;Slum&rdquo; Mapping System (IDeAMapS) in LMICs

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Critical Commentary: Need for an Integrated Deprived Area “Slum” Mapping System (IDeAMapS) in LMICs