Slurry‐phase bioremediation: Case studies and cost comparisons

Ross, D.E.

doi:10.1002/rem.3440010108

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…A typical bioreactor system for decontamination of polluted soils involves prescreening to remove soil particles that are too large, slurring the soil in water and then adding the resultant mixture to the bioreactors for treatment. A wide variety of bioreactor technologies have been developed to accommodate the physical and chemical characteristics of the targeted pollutants, while maximizing biological degradation and minimizing abiotic losses (Ross, 1990). Typically, these reactors are of the mechanically stirred variety.…”

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confidence: 99%

Influence of geometry and solids concentration on the hydrodynamics and mass transfer of a rectangular airlift reactor for marine sediment and soil bioremediation

1999

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Hydrodynamics and mass transfer characteristics of a three-phase airlift reactor were studied in a rectangular splitvessel reactor and using an air-seawater-marine sediment system. Experiments were conducted over a range of downcomer to riser cross-sectional area ratios (AJAR = 0.65 to 1 .O) for two-phase systems and for five sediment concentrations (5 to 25% w/v) using marine sediments. The influence of higher sediment concentrations (30 to 50% w/v) was examined for AJAR = 1. The presence of fine sediment particles in the system had little effect on hydrodynamic and mass transfer parameters compared to the two-phase systems up to 25% loading, decreasing at higher loadings. The airlift reactor was found to meet the dissolved oxygen demand needed for a contaminated sediment treatment process. Axial distribution of the particles was uniform along the riser and the downcomer. Correlations were developed that described the hydrodynamic and mass transfer behaviour for all experimental conditions examined.On a etudie les caracteristiques de l'hydrodynamique et de transfert de matiere d'un reacteur airlift triphasique dans un reacteur divise rectangulaire pour un systeme air-eau de mer-sediments marins. Les experiences ont ete menees pour des rapports de sections de colonne ascendante sur colonne descendante (AJAR = 0,65 a I,O) pour des systemes biphasiques et cinq concentrations de sediments (5 a 25% de w/v) composees de sediments marins. L'influence de plus fortes concentrations de sediments (30 -50% de w/v) a ete examinee pour AJAR = I . La presence de fines particules de sediments dans le systeme a eu peu d'effet sur les parametres hydrodynamiques et de transfert de matiere, comparativement aux systemes biphasiques jusqu'a une charge de 25%, qui diminue a des charges plus elevees. On a trouve que le reacteur airlift satisfaisait la demande en oxygene dissous necessaire a un procede de traitement de sediments contamines. La distribution axiale des particules etait uniforme le long de la colonne montante et de la colonne descendante. On a etabli des correlations qui decrivent le comportement hydrodynamique et de transfert de matiere pour les conditions experimentales etudiees.

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confidence: 99%

Influence of geometry and solids concentration on the hydrodynamics and mass transfer of a rectangular airlift reactor for marine sediment and soil bioremediation

1999

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“…The kinetics of biodegradation of hazardous wastes in soil slurry reactors are fairly slow, having half‐lives in weeks, so the oxygen requirements are fairly low (0.01 volume flow rate of gas/volume of water per minute, vvm). At these low air flow rates the power consumption for on‐bottom mixing is not affected to great extent 21 by the aeration process.…”

Section: Bioreactorsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Bioreactors for Soil and Sediment Remediation

Banerji

1997

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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Bioremediation methods are being increasingly used to clean up contaminated soils and sediments. In many applications they can be cost effective compared to other alternatives such as thermal or physical chemical treatment methods. The bioremediation of soils and sediments can be either accomplished by in situ methods where these materials are treated in place without disturbing the site, or ex situ techniques where the materials are excavated and treated in a separate reactor. In this paper only the ex situ techniques will be discussed.In the ex situ treatment process the soils/sediments are excavated (or removed from the site) and placed in reactors where they are biodegraded in presence of nutrients (N, P, 'e' acceptors, cometabolites, etc.) under controlled environmental and mixing conditions. In general, the ex situ process is faster than the in situ process and a more thorough treatment of the soil/sediment can be accomplished. The disadvantages of ex situ processes include site disturbance and removal of soil/ sediment during which workers could be exposed to contaminants if proper precautions are not taken and increased costs. However, the increased costs should be weighed against shorter time of treatment and a more thorough treatment by these processes. The soil/sediment could be placed back at the site after treatment provided regulatory requirements were met.Most of the existing literature on bioremediation deals with contaminated soils rather than sediments. However, it is expected that the research information dealing with the contaminated soils will be in almost all cases applicable also to the sediments. In this presentation the literature information presented are for contaminated soils but they will most likely be applicable also to the contaminated sediments. BIOREACTORSThe processes discussed are aerobic in nature, but by changing operating conditions they can be converted to anaerobic processes, or if required they can be sequential anaerobic-aerobic processes for specific contaminant treatment condition. Three types of bioreactors will be considered: Land Treatment or Land Farming, Composting (including Biocell/Biopile) and Bioslurry Reactor. As one moves from relatively simple land treatment process to more complex composting operation and then to even more sophisticated bioslurry treatment, the unit costs go up but the degree and rate of trcatment also goes up. Thus, the choice of a reactor would depend on local conditions and the desired cleanup levels. Land Treatment or Land FunningIn situ soil treatment process has been used for some time for treating soils contaminated with hydrocarbons and pesticides because they can be cost effective 302

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“…Water is added to the screened soil to make a slurry in a small mixing tank. The concentration of solids in a bioslurry reactor typically ranges from 10% to 50% (weight/volume) depending on the contaminant concentration and the capacity of the mixing and aeration equipment (Ross, 1990;Brox, 1993). Nutrients and other possible amendments (e. g., microbes, surfactants) are also added to mixing tank.…”

Section: Figure 4: Illustration Of a Typical Landfarming Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioremediation of Soils Contaminated With Cutting Oils and Tnt: Report on the State-of-the-Art in Bioremediation

Irvine¹

2003

proc water environ fed

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This paper describes key methods for the bioremediation of contaminated soils and the factors affecting them. The technologies described herein for the bioremediation of contaminated soils are divided into two main categories; in situ and ex-situ. In situ methods treat undisturbed soil and groundwater using the subsurface itself as the bioreactor. Ex-situ bioremediation involves the excavation of contaminated soil for treatment in aboveground bioreactors. Several case studies highlighting the implementation of these two types of technologies are also presented.

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Slurry‐phase bioremediation: Case studies and cost comparisons

Cited by 19 publications

References 3 publications

Influence of geometry and solids concentration on the hydrodynamics and mass transfer of a rectangular airlift reactor for marine sediment and soil bioremediation

Influence of geometry and solids concentration on the hydrodynamics and mass transfer of a rectangular airlift reactor for marine sediment and soil bioremediation

Bioreactors for Soil and Sediment Remediation

Bioremediation of Soils Contaminated With Cutting Oils and Tnt: Report on the State-of-the-Art in Bioremediation

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