Small-Angle Scattering of Catalysts

Brumberger, H.

doi:10.1007/978-94-015-8457-9_11

Cited by 38 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…There are several good textbooks published on the theory of SAXS and SANS where the theory is discussed in more detail (Glatter and Kratky, 1992, Brumberger, 1995, Feigin and Svergun, 1987). …”

Section: 4 Scattering By Simple Objectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between cationic starch and anionic surfactants

Merta¹,

Stenius²

1995

Colloid Polym Sci

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Section: 4 Scattering By Simple Objectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between cationic starch and anionic surfactants

Merta¹,

Stenius²

1995

Colloid Polym Sci

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“…13,14) Since SAXS has been used for analyzing the nano-structure in high-content alloys, 15,16) it should be extendable to nano-structural analysis of low-content alloys as well. Analysis of X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) may also be useful for analyzing the local atomic structure around a specific element in alloys.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SAXS and XAFS Characterization of Precipitates in a High-Performance Cu–Ni–Si Alloy

Takahashi¹,

Sanada²,

Sato³

et al. 2007

Mater. Trans.

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Analyses of small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) were performed for characterizing precipitates formed in a Cu-3.1 at %Ni-1.4 at%Si alloy, the strength and electrical conductivity of which were improved by aging. SAXS profiles and XAFS spectra of samples aged at 720 K for different periods of time after a solution treatment were measured. SAXS profiles of samples, which were aged after the solution treatment and subsequently cold rolled, were also measured to investigate the effect of dislocations on precipitation. The results of SAXS measurements showed that nanometer-size precipitates formed in the alloy samples during isothermal aging at 720 K. The precipitates in the samples without cold rolling were coarsened in a single modal size distribution with increasing aging time. In contrast, the precipitates formed in the cold-rolled samples appeared to be coarsened in a multi-modal size distribution with increasing aging time. This aging characteristic of the cold-rolled samples is presumably attributable to their good electrical conductivity. The results of XAFS measurements at the Ni K-edge showed that nickel was substituted for copper in the face-centered cubic (fcc) copper matrix and that the local structure around nickel was changed by isothermal aging. With increasing aging time, extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) functions at the Ni K-edge of the samples were found to be changed, which implies that nickel atoms were precipitated as nickel-silicon clusters or intermediate compounds in the fcc copper matrix. In addition, X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectra at the Ni K-edge indicated that the electronic structure of nickel in the samples was influenced by silicon during aging.

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“…Experimental data can be compared with models of structure in a precise way by a variety of techniques that relate the scattered intensity to the Fourier transform of the distribution of coherentscattering lengths (Glatter & Kratky, 1982;Brumberger, 1995). If the sample composition is known, it is possible to test the models against absolute SANS cross sections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of detector calibration materials for SANS experiments

Ghosh

Rennie

1999

J Appl Crystallogr

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The properties of incoherent-scattering samples that are used as calibrants for small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) experiments have been investigated using timeof-¯ight analysis of the wavelengths of the scattered neutrons. Such samples are employed both as secondary intensity standards and to calibrate the relative ef®-ciency of detectors. The data show that care must be taken to allow for wavelength dependence of the detector ef®ciency if the measured results are to be understood or compared with respect to different instruments. At ambient temperatures, glassy polymer sheets of poly(methyl methacrylate) or polycarbonate offer better performance as secondary standards than water. The results reveal the limits for the use of transmission measurements to estimate incoherent scattering cross sections. Use of uniform scattering as a basis for a measure of the effective cross section is, in practice, instrument dependent, owing to extensive inelastic multiple scattering.

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Small-Angle Scattering of Catalysts

Cited by 38 publications

References 15 publications

Interactions between cationic starch and anionic surfactants

Interactions between cationic starch and anionic surfactants

SAXS and XAFS Characterization of Precipitates in a High-Performance Cu–Ni–Si Alloy

Assessment of detector calibration materials for SANS experiments

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Small-Angle Scattering of Catalysts

Cited by 38 publications

References 15 publications

Interactions between cationic starch and anionic surfactants

Interactions between cationic starch and anionic surfactants

SAXS and XAFS Characterization of Precipitates in a High-Performance Cu&ndash;Ni&ndash;Si Alloy

Assessment of detector calibration materials for SANS experiments

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Product

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About

SAXS and XAFS Characterization of Precipitates in a High-Performance Cu–Ni–Si Alloy