Small animal cardiovascular MR imaging and spectroscopy

Bakermans, Adrianus J.; Abdurrachim, Desiree; Moonen, Rik P. M.; Motaal, Abdallah G.; Prompers, Jeanine J.; Strijkers, Gustav J.; Vandoorne, Katrien; Nicolay, Klaas

doi:10.1016/j.pnmrs.2015.03.001

Cited by 25 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 507 publications

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“…To this end, a retrospectively triggered gated FLASH sequence, which had already been established in several mouse studies, was optimized [20,23,24]. MRI scanning parameters were similar to those used in mice because of the comparable body sizes of axolotls and mice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel axolotl cardiac function analysis method using magnetic resonance imaging

et al. 2017

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The salamander axolotl is capable of complete regeneration of amputated heart tissue. However, non-invasive imaging tools for assessing its cardiac function were so far not employed. In this study, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging is introduced as a non-invasive technique to image heart function of axolotls. Three axolotls were imaged with magnetic resonance imaging using a retrospectively gated Fast Low Angle Shot cine sequence. Within one scanning session the axolotl heart was imaged three times in all planes, consecutively. Heart rate, ejection fraction, stroke volume and cardiac output were calculated using three techniques: (1) combined long-axis, (2) short-axis series, and (3) ultrasound (control for heart rate only). All values are presented as mean ± standard deviation. Heart rate (beats per minute) among different animals was 32.2±6.0 (long axis), 30.4±5.5 (short axis) and 32.7±4.9 (ultrasound) and statistically similar regardless of the imaging method (p > 0.05). Ejection fraction (%) was 59.6±10.8 (long axis) and 48.1±11.3 (short axis) and it differed significantly (p = 0.019). Stroke volume (μl/beat) was 133.7±33.7 (long axis) and 93.2±31.2 (short axis), also differed significantly (p = 0.015). Calculations were consistent among the animals and over three repeated measurements. The heart rate varied depending on depth of anaesthesia. We described a new method for defining and imaging the anatomical planes of the axolotl heart and propose one of our techniques (long axis analysis) may prove useful in defining cardiac function in regenerating axolotl hearts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel axolotl cardiac function analysis method using magnetic resonance imaging

et al. 2017

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“…This work is primarily addressed to nonspecialist readers who have basic knowledge in (clinical) MRI and cardiology and are likely to perform cardiac HF MRI on small experimental animals. Basic principles of MRI [151] and thorough technical aspects [14] have been reviewed elsewhere. Here, we seek to provide a general overview of current imaging techniques and sequences available for HF imaging in mice and to define their interest in connection with clinical applications in humans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High field magnetic resonance imaging of rodents in cardiovascular research

et al. 2016

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Transgenic and gene knockout rodent models are primordial to study pathophysiological processes in cardiovascular research. Over time, cardiac MRI has become a gold standard for in vivo evaluation of such models. Technical advances have led to the development of magnets with increasingly high field strength, allowing specific investigation of cardiac anatomy, global and regional function, viability, perfusion or vascular parameters. The aim of this report is to provide a review of the various sequences and techniques available to image mice on 7-11.7 T magnets and relevant to the clinical setting in humans. Specific technical aspects due to the rise of the magnetic field are also discussed.

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“…Although it most frequently uses water protons (1H), MRI can image other nuclei, including carbon-13 ( 13 C), fluorine-19 ( 19 F) and phosphorus-31 ( 31 P). Additional MRI advancements comprise T1ρ, arterial spin labeling (ASL), MR angiography, diffusion, hyperpolarized metabolic and magnetization transfer imaging 36, 37 . In the brain, Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent (BOLD) contrast studies, referred to as functional MRI (fMRI), are widely used to assess brain function 38 .…”

Section: Hybrid Pet/mrimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Multiple Gd chelates can be linked together via a targeted carrier, such as a nanoparticle, to amplify the signal and improve sensitivity. Other recently-developed contrast agents include exchange saturation transfer (CEST) agents and 19 F perfluorocarbon nanoparticles 36 . To obtain motion-artifact-free images of a pulsing vessel or beating heart, postprocessing, hardware advances and improved image acquisition schemes have led to additional cardiovascular applications including diffusion MRI tractography 39, 19 F imaging 40 , contrast enhanced MRI 41 and CEST 42 .…”

Section: Hybrid Pet/mrimentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiparametric Imaging of Organ System Interfaces

Vandoorne

Nahrendorf

2017

Circ: Cardiovascular Imaging

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Cardiovascular diseases are a consequence of genetic and environmental risk factors that together generate arterial wall and cardiac pathologies. Blood vessels connect multiple systems throughout the entire body and allow organs to interact via circulating messengers. These same interactions facilitate nervous and metabolic system influence on cardiovascular health. Multiparametric imaging offers the opportunity to study these interfacing systems’ distinct processes, to quantify their interactions and to explore how these contribute to cardiovascular disease. Noninvasive multiparametric imaging techniques are emerging tools that can further our understanding of this complex and dynamic interplay. PET/MRI and multichannel optical imaging are particularly promising because they can simultaneously sample multiple biomarkers. Preclinical multiparametric diagnostics could help discover clinically relevant biomarker combinations pivotal for understanding cardiovascular disease. Interfacing systems important to cardiovascular disease include the immune, nervous and hematopoietic systems. These systems connect with ‘classical’ cardiovascular organs, like the heart and vasculature, and with the brain. The dynamic interplay between these systems and organs enables processes such as hemostasis, inflammation, angiogenesis, matrix remodeling, metabolism and fibrosis. As the opportunities provided by imaging expand, mapping interconnected systems will help us decipher the complexity of cardiovascular disease and monitor novel therapeutic strategies.

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Small animal cardiovascular MR imaging and spectroscopy

Cited by 25 publications

References 507 publications

Novel axolotl cardiac function analysis method using magnetic resonance imaging

Novel axolotl cardiac function analysis method using magnetic resonance imaging

High field magnetic resonance imaging of rodents in cardiovascular research

Multiparametric Imaging of Organ System Interfaces

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