This paper investigates the impact of government R&D support on financial growth of SMEs, and analyzes the significant different supportive effect for the enterprises with different nature of control rights. We take 516 listed companies from the SMEs' board on Shenzhen stock market as sample, using the data from 2006 to 2011 and implementing the method of Propensity Score Matching to relieve the sample selection bias. The empirical results indicate that: On the whole, government R&D support can effectively improve the financial growth of SMEs, and demonstrates an 1-2 year-lagged-effect; the property of enterprises' ultimate controller also has extraordinary impact on R&D supportive effect, financial growth of non-state-holding companies which have accepted R&D support will turn out to be more significant improvement, while that of the state-controlled enterprises have not been significantly enhanced in the short-term, or even fared-worse than the matched samples.