Abstract:We present an update on the photographic detections from camera traps and the activity patterns of Borneo’s four small cats, namely, Sunda Leopard Cat Prionailurus javanensis, Flat-headed Cat P. planiceps, Marbled Cat Pardofelis marmorata, and Bay Cat Catopuma badia, at two sites in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Camera trap survey data of 10 years (2008–2018) from the first site in Sebangau provide details about the temporal partitioning of these small cats from each other but overlap with Sunda Clouded Leop… Show more
“…Diurnal activity is rare (e.g. in Central Kalimantan; Jeffers et al, 2019) and only one of our records was during the day, at 16.21 (Plate 1). Plate 1A flat-headed cat Prionailurus planiceps , detected in lowland peat-swamp forest on the Kampar Peninsula, Sumatra, Indonesia (Fig.…”
mentioning
confidence: 73%
“…The flat-headed cat is categorized as Endangered on the IUCN Red List (Wilting et al, 2015) because of habitat loss and fragmentation through degradation and land conversion, contamination of prey through water pollution, and overfishing. An additional threat is the drainage of peat-swamp forests by man-made canals, resulting in the loss of permanent water and increased hydraulic instability (Jeffers et al, 2019).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Despite the proliferation of camera-trap surveys across South-east Asia, there is a paucity of records of the flat-headed cat, particularly in Sumatra, with records more common in Borneo (Wilting et al, 2016). The lack of information on the flat-headed cat may be a result of its rareness, the lack of species-specific studies, and/or the fact that lowland flood plains are under-represented in camera-trap studies (Wadey et al, 2016; Jeffers et al, 2019). Wadey et al (2016) commented on the importance of making any records of the flat-headed cat publicly available, and Zanin et al (2014) noted the species requires urgent research attention because of the risk of extinction.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The flat-headed cat has been detected only rarely by camera traps (Wadey et al, 2016; Hearn et al, 2018; Jeffers et al, 2019), and thus these records are of particular importance, especially in Sumatra where there have been few previous published accounts of the species (Wilting et al, 2010). The 11 records indicate the importance of the Restorasi Ekosistem Riau area for this species.…”
The flat-headed cat Prionailurus planiceps is one of the rarest small felids, with little known about its distribution, population status or habitat requirements, largely because of the few records of the species. We report here 11 detections of this Endangered species, recorded during 4 years of camera-trap surveys in a peat-swamp forest on the Kampar Peninsula, Riau province, Sumatra. These are the first records of this species on the Kampar Peninsula, in an area of c. 1,300 km2 of peat-swamp forest comprising four adjacent Ecosystem Restoration Concession licences. All records were near water bodies (mean distance 351 m) in lowland peat-swamp forest. These findings add to the existing knowledge of the species' distribution in Sumatra and confirm its presence in these peat-swamp forests. To inform species conservation management planning for the Kampar Peninsula, further research on this species is required.
“…Diurnal activity is rare (e.g. in Central Kalimantan; Jeffers et al, 2019) and only one of our records was during the day, at 16.21 (Plate 1). Plate 1A flat-headed cat Prionailurus planiceps , detected in lowland peat-swamp forest on the Kampar Peninsula, Sumatra, Indonesia (Fig.…”
mentioning
confidence: 73%
“…The flat-headed cat is categorized as Endangered on the IUCN Red List (Wilting et al, 2015) because of habitat loss and fragmentation through degradation and land conversion, contamination of prey through water pollution, and overfishing. An additional threat is the drainage of peat-swamp forests by man-made canals, resulting in the loss of permanent water and increased hydraulic instability (Jeffers et al, 2019).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Despite the proliferation of camera-trap surveys across South-east Asia, there is a paucity of records of the flat-headed cat, particularly in Sumatra, with records more common in Borneo (Wilting et al, 2016). The lack of information on the flat-headed cat may be a result of its rareness, the lack of species-specific studies, and/or the fact that lowland flood plains are under-represented in camera-trap studies (Wadey et al, 2016; Jeffers et al, 2019). Wadey et al (2016) commented on the importance of making any records of the flat-headed cat publicly available, and Zanin et al (2014) noted the species requires urgent research attention because of the risk of extinction.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The flat-headed cat has been detected only rarely by camera traps (Wadey et al, 2016; Hearn et al, 2018; Jeffers et al, 2019), and thus these records are of particular importance, especially in Sumatra where there have been few previous published accounts of the species (Wilting et al, 2010). The 11 records indicate the importance of the Restorasi Ekosistem Riau area for this species.…”
The flat-headed cat Prionailurus planiceps is one of the rarest small felids, with little known about its distribution, population status or habitat requirements, largely because of the few records of the species. We report here 11 detections of this Endangered species, recorded during 4 years of camera-trap surveys in a peat-swamp forest on the Kampar Peninsula, Riau province, Sumatra. These are the first records of this species on the Kampar Peninsula, in an area of c. 1,300 km2 of peat-swamp forest comprising four adjacent Ecosystem Restoration Concession licences. All records were near water bodies (mean distance 351 m) in lowland peat-swamp forest. These findings add to the existing knowledge of the species' distribution in Sumatra and confirm its presence in these peat-swamp forests. To inform species conservation management planning for the Kampar Peninsula, further research on this species is required.
“…The marbled cat inhabits an extensive range across Asia that extends eastward from the foothills of the Himalayas and south to Borneo. The species occurs in a variety of forest types including tropical montane forest (Pusparini et al, 2014), peat swamp forest (Cheyne & Macdonald, 2011; Jeffers et al, 2019), bamboo forest (McCann, 2016), recently logged forests (Hearn et al, 2016; Mohamed et al, 2009; Wearn et al, 2013), and at elevations up to 2000 m (Haidir et al, 2021; Hearn et al, 2018; Johnson et al, 2009; Pusparini et al, 2014; Sunarto et al, 2015). The marbled cat is currently listed as Near Threatened on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List (RL) because its population is thought to be declining due to habitat loss (Castelló et al, 2020; Ross et al, 2016).…”
Southeast Asia supports the greatest diversity of felids globally, but this diversity is threatened by the severe forest loss and degradation occurring in the region. The response of felids to disturbances appears to differ depending on their ecology. For example, the largely terrestrial and nocturnal leopard cat (Prionailurus bengalensis) thrives near forest edges and in oil palm plantations where it hunts rodents (Muridae) at night, thereby avoiding human activity peaks. Conversely, we hypothesized that the sympatric and similar-sized marbled cat (Pardofelis marmorata) would respond negatively to edges and relatively open oil palm plantations as they are more arboreal than leopard cats, rely on tree connectivity for hunting, and are diurnal so have less potential to temporally avoid humans. We used camera trapping from Southeast Asia to test habitat associations at multiple spatial scales using zero-inflated Poisson generalized linear mixed models and hierarchical occupancy modeling. We found that marbled cats were positively associated with large intact forests and, in contrast to leopard cats, negatively associated with oil palm plantations. Furthermore, we found preliminary evidence suggesting marbled cats may adapt their diel activity to become more crepuscular in degraded forests, likely shifting their activity to avoid humans. These findings suggest that the marbled cat's International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List conservation status should potentially be upgraded from Near Threatened to Vulnerable, matching other forest-dependent felids in the region. We posit our findings may be generalizable such that semi-arboreal and diurnal felids could face greater threats from habitat degradation than their terrestrial and nocturnal relatives.
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