Small Cell Anaplastic Carcinoma of the Prostate: A Clinical, Pathological and Immunohistological Study of 27 Patients

Öesterling, Joseph E.; Hauzeur, Claude G.; Farrow, George M.

doi:10.1016/s0022-5347(17)37390-1

Cited by 174 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Huang et al (2006) further showed that CgA-positive NE-like cells in PCa archival specimens are positively stained with antibodies (Abs) against luminal secretory cell-associated cytokeratins; while they are negative for staining with Abs against basal cell markers, including high molecular weight cytokeratin and p63 (Wojno & Epstein 1995, Signoretti et al 2000. Secondly, compared with normal NE cells with non-proliferating and non-tumorigenic activities, NE-like PCa cells, such as small cell carcinoma cells being completely NE differentiated , are highly aggressive and exhibit tumorigenic activity (Oesterling et al 1992). Thirdly, while NE cells from normal prostate and benign prostatic hyperplasia do not express anti-apoptotic protein B cell lymphoma protein 2 (Bcl-2) (Xue et al 1997), studies in archival PCa samples show a correlative relationship between the expression levels of Bcl-2 and neuron-specific enolase (NSE; Segal et al 1994).…”

Section: Ne-like Pca Versus Normal Ne Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroendocrine-like prostate cancer cells: neuroendocrine transdifferentiation of prostate adenocarcinoma cells

Yuan¹,

Veeramani²,

Lin³

2007

Endocr Relat Cancer

213

184

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Neuroendocrine (NE) cells represent a minor cell population in the epithelial compartment of normal prostate glands and may play a role in regulating the growth and differentiation of normal prostate epithelia. In prostate tumor lesions, the population of NE-like cells, i.e., cells exhibiting NE phenotypes and expressing NE markers, is increased that correlates with tumor progression, poor prognosis, and the androgen-independent state. However, the origin of those NE-like cells in prostate cancer (PCa) lesions and the underlying molecular mechanism of enrichment remain an enigma. In this review, we focus on discussing the distinction between NE-like PCa and normal NE cells, the potential origin of NE-like PCa cells, and in vitro and in vivo studies related to the molecular mechanism of NE transdifferentiation of PCa cells. The data together suggest that PCa cells undergo a transdifferentiation process to become NE-like cells, which acquire the NE phenotype and express NE markers. Thus, we propose that those NE-like cells in PCa lesions were originated from cancerous epithelial cells, but not from normal NE cells, and should be defined as 'NE-like PCa cells'. We further describe the biochemical properties of newly established, stable NE-like lymph node carcinoma of the prostate (LNCaP) cell lines, transdifferentiated from androgen-sensitive LNCaP cells under androgen-deprived conditions. Knowledge of understanding NE-like PCa cells will help us to explore new therapeutic strategies for treating PCa.

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Section: Ne-like Pca Versus Normal Ne Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroendocrine-like prostate cancer cells: neuroendocrine transdifferentiation of prostate adenocarcinoma cells

Yuan¹,

Veeramani²,

Lin³

2007

Endocr Relat Cancer

213

184

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“…Defined in this way, smallcell carcinoma is an uncommon prostatic tumor, but with important and distinctive clinicopathologic characteristics. [77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87] Clinically, small-cell carcinoma may arise de novo and be identified at the time of initial diagnosis. More often, however, the small-cell component manifests itself late in the course of a patient with documented metastatic prostate cancer.…”

Section: Small-cell (Neuroendocrine) Carcinomamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3,19 It is important to remember that the diagnosis does not require proof of neuroendocrine differentiation by immunohistochemistry or electron microscopy, although the small-cell component often shows the characteristic dot-like cytokeratin immunopositivity and positivity for one or more neuroendocrine markers (chromogranin, synaptophysin, etc). 80,84,88 In over one-half of cases, a typical acinar component is present and in some instances apparent merging of one pattern with the other is seen (Figure 16). The acinar component is PSA-and PAP-positive, while the small-cell component is generally negative with these markers.…”

Section: Small-cell (Neuroendocrine) Carcinomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Unusual subtypes of prostate cancer

2004

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The vast majority of prostatic tumors developing in adult males are adenocarcinomas. For the most part, variations in histology have not received specific designations and, from a practical approach, have had any specific prognostic implications handled through application of the Gleason grading system. Nonetheless, some of the adenocarcinoma variants have specific clinical features and differential diagnoses. Furthermore, there has been some controversy regarding the appropriate application of the Gleason grading scheme in these tumors. In addition, there are carcinomas that are in fact not adenocarcinomas and that should be kept as distinct entities. In this paper, the histologic variants of adenocarcinoma are reviewed with emphasis on clinicopathologic features and the clinical relevance of these subtypes. Other carcinomas that occur in the prostate gland are also discussed again with a focus on the clinicopathologic characteristics.

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“…Prostatın küçük hücreli karsinomları, adenokarsinomlarının aksine erken dönemde sistemik yayılım yapma eğilimindedir. Tedavi uygulanan olgularda 2 yıllık genel sağka-lım %20'lerde iken tedavi alamayan olgularda yaşam süresi son derece kısadır (3). Bu tümörler agresif seyirli olmaları yanında kemoterapi ve radyoterapiye duyarlı, ancak adenokarsinomların aksine hormonal tedaviye yanıtsızdırlar.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Küçük Hücreli Prostat Kanseri: Olgu Sunumu

Tatlı¹,

Uysal²,

Başsongur³

et al. 2016

Kocatepe Tıp Dergisi

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ÖZProstatın küçük hücreli karsinomu oldukça nadir görülür. Klasik prostat adenokarsinomunun tersine klinik seyri agresiftir ve erken tanı konulmazsa prognozu kötüdür. Metastatik hastalıkta bile PSA seviyelerinin normal olması, hormonal tedaviye yanıtsızlık görülmesi ile prostatın küçük hücreli karsinomundan şüphelenmelidir. Burada prostat küçük hücreli karsinom tanısı saptanan 65 yaşın-da bir olgu sunularak literatür bilgileri gözden geçirilmiş-tir.Anahtar Kelimeler: Prostat karsinomu; küçük hücreli karsinom; normal PSA. ABSTRACTSmall cell carcinoma of the prostate is extremely rare. In contrast to classical prostatic adenocarcinoma, clinical course is aggressive and unless detected in early stage, the prognosis of this cancer is poor. If in a patient with metastatic disease PSA levels are normal and hormone therapy is non-effective, small cell carcinoma of the prostate should be suspected. Here, a 65-year-old patient with a diagnosis of small cell carcinoma of the prostate is presented and the relevant literature is reviewed.

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Small Cell Anaplastic Carcinoma of the Prostate: A Clinical, Pathological and Immunohistological Study of 27 Patients

Cited by 174 publications

References 20 publications

Neuroendocrine-like prostate cancer cells: neuroendocrine transdifferentiation of prostate adenocarcinoma cells

Neuroendocrine-like prostate cancer cells: neuroendocrine transdifferentiation of prostate adenocarcinoma cells

Unusual subtypes of prostate cancer

Küçük Hücreli Prostat Kanseri: Olgu Sunumu

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