Small Cell Carcinoma of the Gall Bladder: Role of Adjuvant Chemotherapy

Usmani, Saad Z.; Pazooki, Mohammad; Bilgrami, S

doi:10.1007/s12029-009-9122-7

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The majority of patients (72%) were found to have metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis, presumably due to the nonspecific presenting symptoms. We found the median overall survival to be 13 months, which is consistent with previously published reports (range of 9–31 months) [ 3 , 6 , 7 , 31 ]. Not surprisingly, patients with metastatic disease had worse prognosis compared to those with local disease and benefited from treatment with chemotherapy, mainly platinum and etoposide combination.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Not surprisingly, patients with metastatic disease had worse prognosis compared to those with local disease and benefited from treatment with chemotherapy, mainly platinum and etoposide combination. While our analysis showed no benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy in local disease, a trend toward improved survival was previously established with a multidisciplinary approach involving surgery, adjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy, and radiation therapy (21 months) compared to surgery alone (4 months), adjuvant chemotherapy alone (12 months), and chemotherapy alone (9 months) [ 6 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…Small cell carcinoma of the gallbladder is a rare and highly aggressive malignancy that was first described by Albores-Saavedra in 1981 [ 1 , 2 ]. While small cell carcinoma of the lung comprises approximately 15% of all lung cancers [ 3 , 4 ], extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma is rare with a reported incidence of 0.1–0.4% [ 5 , 6 ]. Similar to other extrahepatic biliary tumors, small cell cancer of the gallbladder is associated with cholelithiasis [ 7 ] and rarely with paraneoplastic syndromes including Cushing syndrome and paraneoplastic sensory neuropathy [ 8 , 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Early metastases to regional and distant lymph nodes, liver, and lungs are common with 66% of patients having evidence of metastatic disease at diagnosis [ 7 ]. Median overall survival is reported to be approximately 9 months [ 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Small Cell Carcinoma of the Gallbladder: Case Report and Comprehensive Analysis of Published Cases

Carrera

Kunk

Rahma

2015

Journal of Oncology

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Background. Gallbladder small cell carcinoma is a rare and highly aggressive malignancy with no established standard of care treatment. We described here a case report of small cell gallbladder cancer and we then performed a comprehensive review of 72 case reports of this disease. Methods. Published case reports of small cell carcinoma of the gallbladder between 1983 and 2014 were reviewed. Treatment modalities and survival were analyzed for metastatic and localized disease. Results. Median overall survival for all patients was 13 months. Metastatic disease was identified in 72% of cases. Treatment of metastatic disease with chemotherapy showed a significant survival benefit (p < 0.001) compared to no chemotherapy, and the use of platinum doublet with etoposide showed a nonsignificant 4-month improvement in survival compared to other chemotherapy regimens (p = 0.13). Adjuvant therapy did not demonstrate an improvement of median overall survival in local disease (p = 0.78). Conclusion. Given the limited available data, systemic therapy with platinum and etoposide should be considered for patients with metastatic small cell carcinoma of the gallbladder. Adjuvant chemoradiation or chemotherapy for treatment of local disease warrants further investigation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Small Cell Carcinoma of the Gallbladder: Case Report and Comprehensive Analysis of Published Cases

Carrera

Kunk

Rahma

2015

Journal of Oncology

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“…In cases of nonresectable tumors, the primary management is chemotherapy, and the chemotherapeutic agents of choice are cisplatin, etoposide, and 5-fluorouracil. Actually, there are few papers that showed specific chemotherapy regimens [ 2 , 7 ]. Surgical treatment and chemotherapy are found in 74 and 59 % of cases, respectively (Table 1 ).…”

Section: Case Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gallbladder small cell carcinoma: a case report and literature review

Adachi

Haraguchi

Irie³

et al. 2016

surg case rep

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Gallbladder small cell carcinoma (SCC) comprises only 0.5 % of all gallbladder cancer and consists of aggressive tumors with poor survival outcomes against current treatments. These tumors are most common in elderly females, particularly those with cholecystolithiasis. We report the case of a 79-year-old woman with gallbladder small cell carcinoma. The patient had intermittent right upper quadrant abdominal pain and was admitted to our hospital due to suspected acute cholecystitis. She regularly received medical treatment for diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. On initial laboratory evaluation, the levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin, and C-reactive protein (CRP) were markedly elevated. She underwent computed tomography (CT) for screening. CT images showed a thick-walled gallbladder containing multiple stones and multiple 3-cm-sized round nodular lesions, which were suggestive of metastatic lymph nodes. After percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage was performed, endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration of enlarged lymph nodes resulted in a diagnosis of small cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma. However, we could not identify the primary lesion before the surgery because of no decisive factors. We performed cholecystectomy because there was a possibility of cholecystitis recurrence risk and also partial liver resection because we suspected tumor invasion. The final pathological diagnosis was neuroendocrine carcinoma of the gallbladder, small cell type. The tumor stage was IVb, T3aN1M1. The patient died 13 weeks after the surgery. In the present paper, we review the current available English-language literature of gallbladder SCC.

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Variants of Gallbladder Carcinoma

Zimmermann¹

2016

Tumors and Tumor-Like Lesions of the Hepatobiliary Tract

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Small Cell Carcinoma of the Gall Bladder: Role of Adjuvant Chemotherapy

Abstract: We are presenting a 70-year-old woman with this cancer who is undergoing multimodality treatment, along with a review of literature on previously reported cases.

Cited by 7 publications

References 20 publications

Small Cell Carcinoma of the Gallbladder: Case Report and Comprehensive Analysis of Published Cases

Small Cell Carcinoma of the Gallbladder: Case Report and Comprehensive Analysis of Published Cases

Gallbladder small cell carcinoma: a case report and literature review

Variants of Gallbladder Carcinoma

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