Small Cells in Hepatoblastoma Lack “Oval” Cell Phenotype

Badve, Sunil; Lögdberg, Lennart; Lal, Ashish; Dávila, Mercedes; Greco, M. Alba; Mitsudo, Sumi; Saxena, Romil

doi:10.1097/01.mp.0000086486.52370.81

Cited by 26 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…39 BCL2 expression has also been reported in DSRCT, blastematous Wilms' tumor, and neuroblastoma. 15 Focal BCL2 expression has been reported in the areas of ductular differentiation in hepatoblastoma, 47 and the staining seen in our cases may represent cells committed to ductular epithelium.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…48 Although not yet in widespread use in pediatric pathology, the antibody HepPar-1 recognizes an antigen on hepatocellular mitochondria, 49 and has been reported to stain hepatocytelike cells in hepatoblastoma. 47 Although it is not clear if this antibody would detect purely embryonal hepatoblastomas, HepPar-1 should probably be included in the immunohistochemical panel for childhood abdominal tumors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Variable Antigen Expression in Hepatoblastomas

Ramsay

Bates

Williams

et al. 2008

Applied Immunohistochemistry &Amp; Molecular Morphology

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Hepatoblastoma is a malignant tumor that typically presents as a mass in the liver of a child less than 5 years of age. The diagnosis is usually established by means of a needle core biopsy before the treatment is commenced. The pathologic diagnosis of hepatoblastoma relies on the microscopic identification of typical morphologic features, but these may not be present in a needle core biopsy, and in this setting immunohistochemical staining has an important role in the exclusion of other childhood malignancies. We have studied 12 needle core biopsies from cases of hepatoblastoma, all of which had the diagnosis confirmed by subsequent resection of the tumor, to determine if these tumors show a diagnostic phenotype. The needle biopsies were immunostained with a standard panel of antibodies normally used in the characterization of childhood small round blue cell tumors, with the addition of antibodies directed against alpha-fetoprotein and alpha-1-antitrypsin. Our results indicate that the majority of hepatoblastomas expressed cytokeratins (10/12) and that alpha-1-antitrypsin and alpha-fetoprotein staining were positive in approximately half the cases (5/12 and 7/12, respectively). We also observed frequent expression of antigens normally expressed on other childhood tumors. A significant number of hepatoblastomas (8/12) expressed MIC-2 (CD99) an antigen normally associated with primitive neuroectodermal tumor, 4 cases showed positive staining with the neural-associated antigen NCAM (CD56), and 3 were positive with the neuroblastoma marker NB84. Occasional cases showed expression of the muscle marker desmin (2/12) and 2 cases stained with BCL2. Vimentin expression was seen in 1 case, and a single case also expressed the neural markers PGP9.5 and neurone-specific enolase. In all cases, the tumor cells were negative with CD45, WT1, and S-100. These findings indicate that the primitive cells in hepatoblastoma have a variable immunophenotype and can express antigens normally seen in other childhood malignancies. In the clinical setting of the differential diagnosis of childhood abdominal mass, hepatoblastoma shows no distinct immunohistochemical profile, and the diagnosis requires a combination of the clinical, imaging, and pathologic findings.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variable Antigen Expression in Hepatoblastomas

Ramsay

Bates

Williams

et al. 2008

Applied Immunohistochemistry &Amp; Molecular Morphology

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“…5). Heppar-1 was negative but, although it is a specific marker for hepatocellular origin, it has been reported to be only focally positive or even negative in some cases of both HCC and HBL [15,16]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixed Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Hepatoblastoma: Cytohistopathologic Findings and Differential Diagnosis

Canberk

Uludokumaci²,

Sonmez³

et al. 2012

Acta Cytologica

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Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for approximately 80% of all the primary malignant tumors of the liver. Hepatoblastoma (HBL) is the most common primary malignant neoplasm of the liver in childhood, and extremely rare in adults. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of an adult case with cytopathologic description of a combined HCC and HBL, occurring in a noncirrhotic liver. Case: A 24-year-old male was admitted to the hospital with right-sided abdominal pain. Masses in the liver were detected radiologically. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy and core-needle biopsy revealed a malignant hepatocellular tumor with features of both HCC and HBL. Conclusion: In the present case among the distinct HCC cell groups, areas of smaller and more primitive cells consistent with embryonal type HBL and some other groups of cells with intermediate morphology were observed. These findings suggested the probable single stem cell origin of the tumor with differentiation to both cell groups rather than a combination of two different tumors. Therefore, the term ‘malignant hepatocellular tumor’ could also be considered to define this particular tumor. This case provides support to the previous reports in which HBL areas are described in HCC.

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“…The paucity of cells reactive for CK7, CD117, CD56, and CD34 may reflect poorly preserved antigenicity in the formalin-fixed specimen. 6,17,19 The primitive endoderm grows into the mesoderm to develop into the liver and the gallbladder in embryogenesis. 21 We speculate that progenitor cells in the gallbladder share some or all of the features of hepatic progenitor cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatocellular progenitor cell tumor of the gallbladder: a case report and review of the literature

Vadlamani

Brunt

2005

Modern Pathology

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A 75-year-old man presented to his physician with weakness, anorexia, and constant right upper quadrant pain. He underwent a laparoscopic cholecystectomy, which was converted to an open cholecystectomy due to presumed adhesions. Direct examination of the liver was negative for masses or lesions. A CT scan was negative for masses or nodules. The gallbladder was 8.5 Â 2.5 cm 2 , with a diffusely thick wall measuring 2.5 cm. Microscopic examination showed a monomorphic tumor consisting of cells with increased nuclear:cytoplasmic ratio and occasional nucleoli, infiltrating the entire gallbladder uniformly. The tumor cells that reacted to antibodies directed against HepPar1, CAM 5.2, CK19 and scattered cells were immunoreactive for CD117, CD34, and CD56. This immunohistochemical profile suggested a 'hepatocellular progenitor cell tumor of the gall bladder'. This report is, to our knowledge, the first such case of a tumor of this cell type reported in the gallbladder. In addition, we present a review of the literature.

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Small Cells in Hepatoblastoma Lack “Oval” Cell Phenotype

Cited by 26 publications

References 18 publications

Variable Antigen Expression in Hepatoblastomas

Variable Antigen Expression in Hepatoblastomas

Mixed Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Hepatoblastoma: Cytohistopathologic Findings and Differential Diagnosis

Hepatocellular progenitor cell tumor of the gallbladder: a case report and review of the literature

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