Small Genes under Sporulation Control in the
            <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>
            genome

Schmalisch, Matthias H.; Maiques, Elisa; Nikolov, Lachezar A.; Camp, Amy H.; Chevreux, Bastien; Muffler, Andrea; Rodriguez, Sabrina; Perkins, John B.; Losick, Richard

doi:10.1128/jb.00534-10

Cited by 69 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…To this end, we fused the target promoters of the BceRS system (P bceA ), of the PsdRS system (P psdA ), and selected target promoters of s M , s X and s W (P ydaH , P sigX and P pspA , respectively), and one promoter which is regulated by all three s factors, P bcrC , to a promoter-less luxABCDE reporter (Radeck et al, 2013;Schmalisch et al, 2010). The resulting promoter-lux fusions were integrated into the chromosome of B. subtilis W168 WT cells.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cannibalism stress response in Bacillus subtilis

et al. 2016

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When faced with carbon source limitation, the Gram-positive soil organism Bacillus subtilis initiates a survival strategy called sporulation, which leads to the formation of highly resistant endospores that allow B. subtilis to survive even long periods of starvation. In order to avoid commitment to this energy-demanding and irreversible process, B. subtilis employs another strategy called 'cannibalism' to delay sporulation as long as possible. Cannibalism involves the production and secretion of two cannibalism toxins, sporulation delaying protein (SDP) and sporulation killing factor (SKF), which are able to lyse sensitive siblings. The lysed cells are thought to then provide nutrients for the cannibals to slow down or even prevent them from entering sporulation. In this study, we uncovered the role of the cell envelope stress response (CESR), especially the Bce-like antimicrobial peptide detoxification modules, in the cannibalism stress response during the stationary phase. SDP and SKF specifically induce Bce-like systems and some extracytoplasmic function s factors in stationary-phase cultures, but only the latter provide some degree of protection. A full Bce response is only triggered by mature toxins, and not by toxin precursors. Our study provides insights into the close relationship between stationary-phase survival and the CESR of B. subtilis.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Transcriptional promoter fusions to bacterial luciferase (luxABCDE) were constructed in pAH328 (Schmalisch et al, 2010) or the pAH328 derivative pBS3Clux (Radeck et al, 2013) using NotI/SalI or EcoRI/SpeI restriction enzymes, respectively. All strains used in this study are listed in Table 1.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannibalism stress response in Bacillus subtilis

et al. 2016

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“…RnaC/S1022 was first identified in a microarray screen of B. subtilis intergenic regions, and its expression was found to be completely dependent on the sigma factor SigD during the exponential growth phase on LB medium (24,109). Recently, RnaC/S1022 was shown to modulate the cellular levels of the important transcriptional regulator AbrB via a direct sRNA-mRNA interaction (24).…”

Section: Independently Expressed Small Rnas and Rna Antitoxinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulatory RNAs in Bacillus subtilis: a Gram-Positive Perspective on Bacterial RNA-Mediated Regulation of Gene Expression

Mars

Nicolas

Denham

et al. 2016

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

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SUMMARY Bacteria can employ widely diverse RNA molecules to regulate their gene expression. Such molecules include trans -acting small regulatory RNAs, antisense RNAs, and a variety of transcriptional attenuation mechanisms in the 5′ untranslated region. Thus far, most regulatory RNA research has focused on Gram-negative bacteria, such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella . Hence, there is uncertainty about whether the resulting insights can be extrapolated directly to other bacteria, such as the Gram-positive soil bacterium Bacillus subtilis . A recent study identified 1,583 putative regulatory RNAs in B. subtilis , whose expression was assessed across 104 conditions. Here, we review the current understanding of RNA-based regulation in B. subtilis , and we categorize the newly identified putative regulatory RNAs on the basis of their conservation in other bacilli and the stability of their predicted secondary structures. Our present evaluation of the publicly available data indicates that RNA-mediated gene regulation in B. subtilis mostly involves elements at the 5′ ends of mRNA molecules. These can include 5′ secondary structure elements and metabolite-, tRNA-, or protein-binding sites. Importantly, sense-independent segments are identified as the most conserved and structured potential regulatory RNAs in B. subtilis . Altogether, the present survey provides many leads for the identification of new regulatory RNA functions in B. subtilis .

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“…9) ytrH was found to be a novel sporulation gene involved in cortex formation and stability. 13) Schmalisch et al 14) reported that six paralogous genes were newly identified small proteins under sporulation control. Mutants of these genes had no significant deleterious effects on the production of heat-resistant spores, but a multiple mutant lacking six paralogous genes showed sporulation efficiency slightly higher than the wild type.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…[8][9][10][11][12] Several genes for small ORFs that are transcribed in response to sporulation have provided new biological insights. 9,[13][14][15] A 40-amino-acid peptide, MciZ, acts to block Z-ring formation during sporulation by inhibiting the polymerization of FtsZ in the mother cell. 9) ytrH was found to be a novel sporulation gene involved in cortex formation and stability.…”

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confidence: 99%