Small Incomplete Factorial Experiment Designs for Two- and Three-Level Factors

Webb, Steve R.

doi:10.2307/1266787

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…3 2 Factorial design is a three-level and two factorsbased factorial design as reported by Webb (1971). In total, there are nine runs or combinations.…”

Section: Preparation Of Buflomedil Hydrochloride Niosomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and evaluation of a buflomedil hydrochloride niosomal patch for transdermal delivery

Akhtar

Arkvanshi

Bhattacharya

et al. 2014

Journal of Liposome Research

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Context: Niosomes are the non-ionic surfactant vesicles obtained on hydration of synthetic non-ionic surfactants. These are the promising vehicles for effective transdermal drug delivery. Objective: The present research work was aimed to develop niosomal-based transdermal buflomedil hydrochloride patch containing a stable formulation with improved drug permeation. Materials and methods: Niosomes were prepared by solvent evaporation method using 3 factorial design. All the formulations were evaluated for vesicle size, zeta potential and percent entrapment efficiency. Optimized niosomal and liposomal formulation were loaded into a patch system. All the patches were then characterized for drug-excipient interaction study, scanning electron microscopy, pharmacotechnical properties and in vitro permeation studies. Result: F9 formulation having optimum vesicle size (10.09 ± 1.2 µm), highest zeta potential (-85.4 ± 0.56 mV) and maximum percent entrapment efficiency (97.09 ± 0.11%) was selected as optimized formulation. In case of liposomes, formulation F12 was selected. Patches loaded with niosomes showed 95.12 ± 1.19% cumulative amount of drug permeated as compared to liposomal vesicle-loaded patches which showed 82.21 ± 1.24% and control patches 70.10 ± 1.33%. Discussion: Flux, permeation rate and permeability coefficient were found to be higher in case of niosomal patches as compared to liposomal patches and control patches. Surfactant present in niosomes act as a penetration enhancer which contribute in the permeation enhancement of buflomedil hydrochloride from niosomes. Conclusion: Thus, it was concluded that niosomal vesicles represented to be an efficient and stable vesicular carrier for transdermal delivery of buflomedil hydrochloride.

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“…3 2 Factorial design is a three-level and two factorsbased factorial design as reported by Webb (1971). In total, there are nine runs or combinations.…”

Section: Preparation Of Buflomedil Hydrochloride Niosomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and evaluation of a buflomedil hydrochloride niosomal patch for transdermal delivery

Akhtar

Arkvanshi

Bhattacharya

et al. 2014

Journal of Liposome Research

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“…Samples were removed daily from the Fernbach flasks using an aseptic technique. The num- a 2 level-5 factor partial factorial [14]. b 3 level-3 factor Box-Behnken [15].…”

Section: Analyticalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of liquid culture medium for commercial production ofColletotrichum truncatum

Silman

Nelsen

1993

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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A commercial type liquid culture medium for the production of Colletotrichum truncatum NRRL 13737, a pathogen of the weed hemp sesbania, was developed. The concentrations of culture ingredients: 20 g glucose 1−1, 2.5 g Tastone yeast extract 1−1, 7.5 g Pharmamedia 1−1 are optimum for batch cultures. Initial glucose concentration determined total dry weight which was largely composed of mycelia: Pharmamedia concentration influenced the yield and rate of spore production; Tastone 154 yeast extract apparently supplied a nutritional factor which also affected the yield and rate of spore production but to a lesser extent. Batch culture with the described media yielded 6.2×107 spores per ml in three days. Studies of spore recovery, drying and storage can now be conducted with a commercial type culture medium.

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“…The author has recently published a catalog of designs for two-and three-level factorial experiments containing 20 or fewer runs (Ref. [27]). The same program was used by Rechtschaffner to evaluate the designs contained in Ref.…”

Section: The Choice and Evaluation Of Designsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The designs contained in Ref. [27], which were evaluated by a computer, are good designs for parametric studies conducted on a computer, because they do not contain extra observations to provide for an independent error estimate.…”

Section: Experiments Conducted Within the Computermentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between the experiment designer and the computer

Webb

1969

Naval Research Logistics

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Popularized scientific accounts have publicized the use of the computer for solving combinatorial problems associated with the construction of specific kinds of experiment designs, such as sets of orthogonal Latin squares and Hadamard matrices. Historically, the regular combinatorial properties associated with such designs have been required to obviate extremely tedious calculations required for design analysis. Now computers are generally available for performing these computations, so that interest in regular designs is waning. The experiment designer is now free to select a design for its appropriateness to the experiment and its statistical properties. Once again, he interacts with the computer, using it to evaluate the statistical properties of designs, even before the experiment is carried out. Based on such calculations, he may make a selection from a number of ad hoc designs constructed for a given experiment without regard for combinatorial properties. Although the experiment designer will always be a frequent computer user, the most important interaction between the two will probably be in the application of experiment design to computer simulation. Parametric studies of comprehensive system models that have been programmed for computers can be conducted efficiently and economically with experiment design and the associated analysis techniques. A typical example is given.

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Small Incomplete Factorial Experiment Designs for Two- and Three-Level Factors

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Preparation and evaluation of a buflomedil hydrochloride niosomal patch for transdermal delivery

Preparation and evaluation of a buflomedil hydrochloride niosomal patch for transdermal delivery

Optimization of liquid culture medium for commercial production ofColletotrichum truncatum

Interactions between the experiment designer and the computer

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