Small Intestinal Submucosa for Vascular Reconstruction in the Presence of Gastrointestinal Contamination

Jernigan, T Wright; Croce, Martin A.; Cagiannos, Catherine; Shell, Daniel H.; Handorf, Charles R.; Fabian, Timothy C.

doi:10.1097/01.sla.0000124447.30808.c7

Cited by 72 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…It is plausible that such cells would then differentiate in response to local environmental cues, and thus contribute to tissue organization and differentiation. It has also been shown that degradation products of SIS-ECM have an antimicrobial effect, [35][36][37][38] and that without ECM degradation this effect is not observed. 39 Factors that inhibit the ECM degradation process, such as chemical crosslinking, may interfere with the biological activities that have been demonstrated by the products of ECM degradation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular matrix scaffolds are repopulated by bone marrow‐derived cells in a mouse model of achilles tendon reconstruction

Zantop

Gilbert

Yoder

et al. 2006

Journal Orthopaedic Research

169

125

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The extracellular matrix derived from porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS-ECM), an FDA-approved material currently used clinically for rotator cuff repair, has been shown to attract bone marrow-derived cells during in vivo remodeling of a subcutaneous implant and produce chemoattractant peptides following chemical degradation in vitro. The purpose of the present study was to determine if bone marrow-derived cells participate in the long-term remodeling of the Achilles tendon in a mouse model when repaired with SIS-ECM. A 2-mm gap was produced in the Achilles tendon of 40 chimeric mice produced to express green fluorescent protein (GFP) in all of their bone marrow-derived cells. Tendons were repaired by replacing the resected section with autologous tendon tissue or with a single layer sheet of lyophilized SIS-ECM. Four animals from each treatment group were sacrificed at 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 weeks, and sections were harvested for histologic and fluorescence microscopy. Both groups showed accumulation of GFP-expressing marrow-derived cells at the site of tendon remodeling at 1 and 2 weeks that were associated with areas of angiogenesis and inflammation. By 16 weeks, the SIS-ECM-treated group showed GFP expressing cells throughout the remodeled tendon in the absence of any inflammatory response, while the autologous tendon repair group showed no GFP expressing cells within the tendon except for occasional cells in the lumen of blood vessels. An SIS-ECM scaffold used for tendon repair recruits a population of bone marrow-derived cells that participates in the long-term remodeling process. The ability of SIS-ECM to recruit a population of marrow-derived cells to the remodeling site may alter the default mechanism of tendon healing. The involvement of these cells in the remodeling process may explain in part the process of site specific constructive remodeling as opposed to scar tissue formation when the ECM is used as a biologic scaffold for tendon reconstruction. ß

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular matrix scaffolds are repopulated by bone marrow‐derived cells in a mouse model of achilles tendon reconstruction

Zantop

Gilbert

Yoder

et al. 2006

Journal Orthopaedic Research

169

125

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Such biological scaffolds have been surprisingly resistant to bacterial infection, [13][14][15][16] even in clinical applications that are at high risk for bacterial contamination. [17][18][19][20] Generally, naturally occurring biomaterials such as those composed of purified collagen or intact ECM are more resistant to bacterial infection than synthetic biomaterials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial Activity within Degradation Products of Biological Scaffolds Composed of Extracellular Matrix

Brennan

Reing²,

Chew³

et al. 2006

Tissue Engineering

210

133

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Biological scaffolds composed of extracellular matrix (ECM) have been shown to be resistant to deliberate bacterial contamination in preclinical in vivo studies. The present study evaluated the degradation products resulting from the acid digestion of ECM scaffolds for antibacterial effects against clinical strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The ECM scaffolds were derived from porcine urinary bladder (UBM-ECM) and liver (L-ECM). These biological scaffolds were digested with acid at high temperatures, fractionated using ammonium sulfate precipitation, and tested for antibacterial activity in a standardized in vitro assay. Degradation products from both UBM-ECM and L-ECM demonstrated antibacterial activity against both S. aureus and E. coli. Specific ammonium sulfate fractions that showed antimicrobial activity varied for the 2 different ECM scaffold types. The results of this study suggest that several different lowmolecular-weight peptides with antibacterial activity exist within ECM and that these peptides may help explain the resistance to bacterial infection provided by such biological scaffolds.

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“…iologic scaffolds composed of extracellular matrix (ECM) can promote the constructive remodeling of injured tissues through mechanisms that include angiogenesis, [1][2][3][4][5] the recruitment of multipotential progenitor cells to the site of tissue reconstruction, [6][7][8][9] the release of antimicrobial peptides, [10][11][12][13][14][15] and activation of the alternative pathway of immunity. [16][17][18][19][20] There is convincing evidence that hostmediated degradation of ECM scaffolds is typically completed within 8-12 weeks and is necessary to realize the full beneficial effects of ECM-mediated tissue remodeling, [21][22][23] but the mechanisms by which such scaffold degradation occurs have been largely ignored.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Macrophage Participation in the Degradation and Remodeling of Extracellular Matrix Scaffolds

Valentin

Stewart‐Akers

Gilbert

et al. 2009

Tissue Engineering Part A

310

254

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Biologic scaffolds composed of extracellular matrix (ECM) are widely used to facilitate remodeling and reconstruction of a variety of tissues in both preclinical animal studies and human clinical applications. The mechanisms by which such scaffolds influence the host tissue response are only partially understood, but it is logical that the mononuclear macrophage cell population plays a central role. The present study evaluated the role of macrophages that derive from peripheral blood in the degradation of ECM scaffolds. An established rat body wall reconstruction model was used to evaluate the degradation of carbodiimide (CDI)-crosslinked scaffolds composed of porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS), noncrosslinked SIS, and autologous body wall. To assess the role of circulating macrophages in the degradation process, the degradation of each scaffold was assessed with and without macrophage depletion caused by administration of clodronate-containing liposomes. Results showed that peripheral blood monocytes are required for the early and rapid degradation of both SIS scaffolds and autologous body wall, and that CDI crosslinked SIS is resistant to macrophage-mediated degradation.

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Small Intestinal Submucosa for Vascular Reconstruction in the Presence of Gastrointestinal Contamination

Cited by 72 publications

References 33 publications

Extracellular matrix scaffolds are repopulated by bone marrow‐derived cells in a mouse model of achilles tendon reconstruction

Extracellular matrix scaffolds are repopulated by bone marrow‐derived cells in a mouse model of achilles tendon reconstruction

Antibacterial Activity within Degradation Products of Biological Scaffolds Composed of Extracellular Matrix

Macrophage Participation in the Degradation and Remodeling of Extracellular Matrix Scaffolds

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