Small Magnetic Sensors for Space Applications

Díaz-Michelena, Marina

doi:10.3390/s90402271

Cited by 202 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…For example, HMC1043 has a linearity error of 0.1% Fs under best fit straight line (±1 Gauss) conditions, and the sensitivity is 1 mV/V/Gauss. So it has been widely and successfully used in attitude measurement [6,7]. The GPS also is commonly used to determine the navigation data of projectile.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roll Attitude Determination of Spin Projectile Based on GPS and Magnetoresistive Sensor

Ding

Guan

2017

Mathematical Problems in Engineering

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Improvement in attack accuracy of the spin projectiles is a very significant objective, which increases the overall combat efficiency of projectiles. The accurate determination of the projectile roll attitude is the recent objective of the efficient guidance and control. The roll measurement system for the spin projectile is commonly based on the magnetoresistive sensor. It is well known that the magnetoresistive sensor produces a sinusoidally oscillating signal whose frequency slowly decays with time, besides the possibility of blind spot. On the other hand, absolute sensors such as GPS have fixed errors even though the update rates are generally low. To earn the benefit while eliminating weaknesses from both types of sensors, a mathematical model using filtering technique can be designed to integrate the magnetoresistive sensor and GPS measurements. In this paper, a mathematical model is developed to integrate the magnetoresistive sensor and GPS measurements in order to get an accurate prediction of projectile roll attitude in a real flight time. The proposed model is verified using numerical simulations, which illustrated that the accuracy of the roll attitude measurement is improved.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roll Attitude Determination of Spin Projectile Based on GPS and Magnetoresistive Sensor

Ding

Guan

2017

Mathematical Problems in Engineering

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“…At room temperature this differential voltage for permalloy cores of several tens of nanometers is in the order of 2% of the bridge voltage, which makes them suitable candidates for measuring fields of low to moderate intensity [1,2]. The typical resolutions reported are in the order of nT [3] and some works have achieved tenths of nT resolutions [4].…”

Section: R((p) = R 0 + R a Cos 2 ((P)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The final goal is to squeeze AMR sensors performance, which have a potential for miniaturization higher than that of fluxgates [1,2], and try to widen the field of AMR sensors in applications of low field detectivity, where fluxgates are preferred [14,15].…”

Section: R((p) = R 0 + R a Cos 2 ((P)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lock-in amplifiers for AMR sensors

Díaz-Michelena

Cobos

Aroca

2015

Sensors and Actuators A: Physical

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Anisotropic magnetoresistive (AMR) magnetic sensors are often chosen as the magnetic transducer for magnetic field sensing in applications with low to moderate magnetic field resolution because of the relative low mass of the sensor and their ease of use. They measure magnetic fields in the order of the Earth magnetic field (with typical sensitivities of l%o/G or 1CH%O/UT), have typical minimum detectable fields in order of nT and even 0.1 nT but they are seriously limited by the thermal drifts due to the variation of the resistivity with temperature (~2.5%o/°C) and the variation of the magnetoresistive effect with temperature (which affects both the sensitivity of the sensors: ~2.7%o/°C, and the offset: ±0.5%o/°C). Therefore, for lower magnetic fields, fluxgate vector sensors are generally preferred.In the present work these limitations of AMR sensors are outlined and studied. Three methods based on lock-in amplifiers are proposed as low noise techniques. Their performance has been simulated, experimentally tested and comparatively discussed. The developed model has been also used to derive a technique for temperature compensation of AMR response. The final goal to implement these techniques in a space qualified applied specific integrated circuit (ASIC) for Mars in situ exploration with compact miniaturized magnetometers.

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“…In space applications, magnetoresistive sensors based on anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) [14], giant magnetoresistance (GMR) [15], and tunnelling magnetoresistance (TMR) [16] have been proposed. However, their inherent low-frequency noise has so far limited them for use in less sensitive attitude determination systems [17,18], Fig. 1, and radiation tolerant memory circuits [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling and design of planar Hall effect bridge sensors for low-frequency applications

Persson

Bejhed

Østerberg

et al. 2013

Sensors and Actuators A: Physical

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This is an accepted version of a paper published in Sensors and Actuators A-Physical. This paper has been peer-reviewed but does not include the final publisher proofcorrections or journal pagination.Citation for the published paper: Persson, A., Bejhed, R., Oesterberg, F., Gunnarsson, K., Nguyen, H. et al. (2012) "Modelling and design of planar Hall effect bridge sensors for low-frequency applications" Sensors and Actuators Access to the published version may require subscription. AbstractThe applicability of miniaturized magnetic field sensors is being explored in several areas of magnetic field detection due to their integratability, low mass, and potentially low cost. In this respect, different thin-film technologies, especially those employing magnetoresistance, show great potential, being compatible with batch micro-and nanofabrication techniques. For lowfrequency magnetic field detection, sensors based on the planar Hall effect, especially planar Hall effect bridge (PHEB) sensors, show promising performance given their inherent lowfield linearity, limited hysteresis and moderate noise figure. In this work, the applicability of such PHEB sensors to different areas is investigated. An analytical model is constructed to estimate the performance of an arbitrary PHEB sensor geometry in terms of, e.g., sensitivity and detectivity. The model is valid for an ideal case, e.g., disregarding shape anisotropy effects, and also incorporates some approximations. To validate the results, modelled data was compared to measurements on actual PHEBs and was found to predict the measured values within 13% for the investigated geometries. Subsequently, the model was used to establish a design process for optimizing a PHEB to a particular set of requirements on the bandwidth, detectivity, compliance voltage and amplified signal-to-noise ratio. By applying this design process, the size, sensitivity, resistance, bias current and power consumption of the PHEB can be estimated. The model indicates that PHEBs can be applicable to several different areas within science including satellite attitude determination and magnetic bead detection in labon-a-chip applications, where detectivities down towards 1 nTHz -0.5 at 1 Hz are required, and maybe even magnetic field measurements in scientific space missions and archaeological surveying, where the detectivity has to be less than 100 pTHz -0.5 at 1 Hz.

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Small Magnetic Sensors for Space Applications

Cited by 202 publications

References 47 publications

Roll Attitude Determination of Spin Projectile Based on GPS and Magnetoresistive Sensor

Roll Attitude Determination of Spin Projectile Based on GPS and Magnetoresistive Sensor

Lock-in amplifiers for AMR sensors

Modelling and design of planar Hall effect bridge sensors for low-frequency applications

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