Small prey for small cats: the importance of prey-size in the diet of southern tiger cat <i>Leopardus guttulus</i> in a competitor-free environment

Tortato, Marcos Adriano; Oliveira‐Santos, Luiz Gustavo Rodrigues; Moura, Maurício Osvaldo; Oliveira, Tadeu Gomes de

doi:10.1080/01650521.2021.1902202

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…S2 ). An extensive camera trapping assessment conducted in several areas there did not record it 48 . Additionally, the only alleged camera trap record 49 , at closer inspection, was undoubtedly proven to be of an ocelot.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We compared the canine diameter in all tiger cat species as a metric to indicate if they would be preying in different class size of prey, and our results suggested that they are not (see Supplementary Information). They should all be preying on the smaller spectrum of prey, which consists of varying degrees of small rodents and marsupials, small birds, and lizards 48 , 55 . To complete their ecological niche dimension, all species had predominantly nocturnal activity, with varying degrees of diurnal activity that were often associated with the avoidance of the dominant ocelot 55 , 62 – 66 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ecological modeling, biogeography, and phenotypic analyses setting the tiger cats’ hyperdimensional niches reveal a new species

de Oliveira,

Fox-Rosales,

Ramírez-Fernández

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Recently, the tiger-cat species complex was split into Leopardus tigrinus and Leopardus guttulus, along with other proposed schemes. We performed a detailed analysis integrating ecological modeling, biogeography, and phenotype of the four originally recognized subspecies—tigrinus, oncilla, pardinoides, guttulus—and presented a new multidimensional niche depiction of the species. Species distribution models used > 1400 records from museums and photographs, all checked for species accuracy. Morphological data were obtained from institutional/personal archives. Spotting patterns were established by integrating museum and photographic/camera-trap records. Principal component analysis showed three clearly distinct groups, with the Central American specimens (oncilla) clustering entirely within those of the Andes, namely the pardinoides group of the cloud forests of the southern Central-American and Andean mountain chains (clouded tiger-cat); the tigrinus group of the savannas of the Guiana Shield and central/northeastern Brazil (savanna tiger-cat); and the guttulus group in the lowland forests of the Atlantic Forest domain (Atlantic Forest tiger-cat). This scheme is supported by recent genetic analyses. All species displayed different spotting patterns, with some significant differences in body measurements/proportions. The new distribution presented alarming reductions from the historic range of − 50.4% to − 68.2%. This multidimensional approach revealed a new species of the elusive and threatened tiger-cat complex.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological modeling, biogeography, and phenotypic analyses setting the tiger cats’ hyperdimensional niches reveal a new species

de Oliveira,

Fox-Rosales,

Ramírez-Fernández

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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“…Our result is in accordance with this previous report as it shows the relationship of L. guttulus to forest areas with intermediate anthropogenic pressure. The diet of L. guttulus includes small mammals, even comprising exotic rodent species ( Rinaldi et al 2015 , Tortato et al 2021 ). High frequencies of synanthropic marsupial and rodent species in anthropogenised areas have already been reported for the area ( Gentile et al 2018 ), potentially influencing the occurrence of L. guttulus in areas with intermediate human disturbance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medium- and large-sized mammals from Estação Biológica Fiocruz Mata Atlântica, Rio de Janeiro, south-eastern Brazil

Veríssimo¹,

Cupolillo²,

Jorge³

et al. 2022

BDJ

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The Pedra Branca Forest is in a highly urbanised region of the central portion of Rio de Janeiro City and comprises the largest urban forest in the world (> 12,000 ha). The local flora and fauna are protected by three conservation units and the Estação Biológica Fiocruz Mata Atlântica (EFMA), which comprises 462 hectares on the east side of the remnant. The local biodiversity is still little known compared to other Atlantic Forest remnants from the Rio de Janeiro State. Here, we provide results of a survey of medium- and large-sized terrestrial mammals from the EFMA. In addition, we analysed the distribution of this fauna along three habitat types defined as Peridomicile, Transitional Forest and Forest Core. Sampling was performed from 2017 to 2020 and comprised a camera-trap survey, interviews with residents and local workers and occasional records. Results include occurrence records for 16 autochthonous and one allochthonous (Callithrix sp.) wild mammals, which are distributed into 14 families and seven orders, in addition to the presence of free-ranging domestic dogs and cats. Four species are in some category of threat of extinction at national or global levels. Amongst them, Leontopithecus rosalia (first record for the Rio de Janeiro City in more than a century) and Leopardus guttulus are classified as Vulnerable by IUCN. Most wild native species were registered in the three habitat types, but with differences in the frequency of records. Our results indicate that the presence of domestic dogs and cats influenced the species composition in each area, with Nasua nasua, Dasyprocta leporina and Didelphis aurita less frequent in places where domestic dogs and cats are more frequent. This is the first systematic effort to understand the occurrence and distribution of mid- and large-sized mammals in the Pedra Branca Forest.

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“…We used a taxidermy model of southern tiger cat ( Leopardus guttulus ). Contrary to ocelots, which have been largely investigated, little is known about the ecology of the southern tiger cats (Wang 2002 ; Tortato et al 2021 ). It was formerly considered a subspecies of oncilla Leopardus tigrinus , but was recently reclassified as a distinct species (Trigo et al 2013 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of predator model presentation paradigms on titi monkey alarm sequences

Berthet

Mesbahi

Cäsar

et al. 2022

Behav Ecol Sociobiol

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Predator presentation experiments are widely used to investigate animal alarm vocalizations. They usually involve presentations of predator models or playbacks of predator calls, but it remains unclear whether the two paradigms provide similar results, a major limitation when investigating animal syntactic and semantic capacities. Here, we investigate whether visual and acoustic predator cues elicit different vocal reactions in black-fronted titi monkeys (Callicebus nigrifrons). We exposed six groups of wild titi monkeys to visual models or playbacks of vocalizations of raptor or felid. We characterized each group’s vocal reactions using sequence parameters known to reliably encode predatory events in this species. We found that titi monkeys’ vocal reactions varied with the predator species but also with the experimental paradigm: while vocal reactions to raptor vocalizations and models were similar, felid vocalizations elicited heterogeneous, different reactions from that given to felid models. We argue that subjects are not familiar with felid vocalizations, because of a lack of learning opportunities due to the silent behaviour of felids. We discuss the implication of these findings for the semantic capacities of titi monkeys. We finally recommend that playbacks of predator vocalizations should not be used in isolation but in combination with visual model presentations, to allow fine-grained analyses of the communication system of prey species. Significance statement It is common to present prey species with predator models or predator calls to study their vocal reactions. The two paradigms are often used independently, but it remains unclear whether they provide similar results. Here, we studied the vocal reactions of titi monkeys to calls and models of raptors and felids. We show that titi monkeys seem to recognize the vocalizations of raptors but not those of felids. The study of the vocal reactions emitted when titi monkeys cannot clearly identify the threat allows us to draw accurate hypotheses about the meaning of titi monkeys’ alarm utterances. We argue that playbacks of predator calls should be used in conjunction with model presentations, which can allow us to better investigate the information and the structure of the alarm systems.

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Small prey for small cats: the importance of prey-size in the diet of southern tiger cat Leopardus guttulus in a competitor-free environment

Cited by 6 publications

References 34 publications

Ecological modeling, biogeography, and phenotypic analyses setting the tiger cats’ hyperdimensional niches reveal a new species

Ecological modeling, biogeography, and phenotypic analyses setting the tiger cats’ hyperdimensional niches reveal a new species

Medium- and large-sized mammals from Estação Biológica Fiocruz Mata Atlântica, Rio de Janeiro, south-eastern Brazil

Impact of predator model presentation paradigms on titi monkey alarm sequences

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