Small RNA Based Genetic Engineering for Plant Viral Resistance: Application in Crop Protection

Khalid, Annum; Zhang, Qingling; Yasir, Muhammad; Li, Feng

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2017.00043

Cited by 91 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 118 publications

(142 reference statements)

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“…RNAi has been deployed for plant protection since it was discovered. A plethora of studies has demonstrated the feasibility of RNAi‐based approaches, and numerous virus‐resistant crops have been approved for commercial release (Khalid et al ., ). However, unlike these previous approaches, which depend on transgenes, the external application of dsRNA will realize crop protection without any modification of the plant genome and, therefore, may be regulated differently compared to crop protection involving genetically modified organisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Synthetic biology approach for plant protection using dsRNA

Niehl

Soininen

Poranen

et al. 2018

Plant Biotechnology Journal

120

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SummaryPathogens induce severe damages on cultivated plants and represent a serious threat to global food security. Emerging strategies for crop protection involve the external treatment of plants with double‐stranded (ds)RNA to trigger RNA interference. However, applying this technology in greenhouses and fields depends on dsRNA quality, stability and efficient large‐scale production. Using components of the bacteriophage phi6, we engineered a stable and accurate in vivo dsRNA production system in Pseudomonas syringae bacteria. Unlike other in vitro or in vivo dsRNA production systems that rely on DNA transcription and postsynthetic alignment of single‐stranded RNA molecules, the phi6 system is based on the replication of dsRNA by an RNA‐dependent RNA polymerase, thus allowing production of high‐quality, long dsRNA molecules. The phi6 replication complex was reprogrammed to multiply dsRNA sequences homologous to tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) by replacing the coding regions within two of the three phi6 genome segments with TMV sequences and introduction of these constructs into P. syringae together with the third phi6 segment, which encodes the components of the phi6 replication complex. The stable production of TMV dsRNA was achieved by combining all the three phi6 genome segments and by maintaining the natural dsRNA sizes and sequence elements required for efficient replication and packaging of the segments. The produced TMV‐derived dsRNAs inhibited TMV propagation when applied to infected Nicotiana benthamiana plants. The established dsRNA production system enables the broad application of dsRNA molecules as an efficient, highly flexible, nontransgenic and environmentally friendly approach for protecting crops against viruses and other pathogens.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Synthetic biology approach for plant protection using dsRNA

Niehl

Soininen

Poranen

et al. 2018

Plant Biotechnology Journal

120

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Both of the strategies depend on the concept of 'pathogen-derived resistance (Dutta et al, 2016). Small RNA based genetic engineering has been applied in engineering viral resistance for many crops, including major crops of staple food, vegetables, fruits ornamentals, and some cash crop (Khalid, et al, 2017). According to the International Service for the Acquisition of Agri Biotech Applications (ISAAA) website, dozens of transgenic crops resistance to virus generated with SRGE were approved for commercial release.…”

Section: Viral Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the International Service for the Acquisition of Agri Biotech Applications (ISAAA) website, dozens of transgenic crops resistance to virus generated with SRGE were approved for commercial release. Potato and the United States ranks the top among different crops and countries, respectively in terms of number of lines approved (Khalid, et al 2017). Banana aphid-transmitted Banana bunchy top virus (BBTV)-resistant transgenic banana was developed with hp-PTGS mechanism targeting Rep gene (Shekhawat et al, 2012;Elayabalan et al, 2013).…”

Section: Viral Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, about 14 transgenic potato lines approved for commercial release in US and other countries and all are developed by the Monsanto Company. One pepper and one tomato line were developed by Peking University and approved for commercial release in China (Khalid et al, 2017). Transgenic maize resistant to maize dwarf mosaic virus (MDMV) was generated with hp-PTGS mechanism targetingP1andCP (Zhang et al, 2013).…”

Section: Viral Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Overcoming of resistance by more virulent PRSV strain was observed and new resistant transgenic papaya was obtained by targeting the viral HcPro protein that suppresses small RNA mediated immunity (Kung et al, 2015). Currently, there are four commercial transgenic papaya lines approved with three in USA and one in China (Khalid et al, 2017).…”

Section: Viral Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Grafting is an ancient technique especially used in horticulture and in orchards as a tool for plant propagation and improvement. Although grafting has brought incredible benefits to agriculture and is being used worldwide in the cultivation of almost every fruit tree, the mechanisms, and pathways driving the formation or the incompatibilities of graft unions are still largely unknown. Recently, the potential of grafting has resurfaced in the literature and molecular approaches are currently contributing to the understanding of graft union formation and the phenomenon of scion–rootstock graft incompatibility. This work focuses on the cellular and molecular mechanisms of graft formation in woody plants, highlighting the identified regulators of this process in molecular terms. We review how the healing of the union proceeds in incompatible grafts, the challenge of phenotyping graft incompatibility, and the detection methods developed for its prediction. In the pursuit of finding sustainable solutions for agriculture, while faced with the alarming predictions of climate changes, grafting is being revaluated as a new biotechnological tool. Therefore, some examples of how we can broaden the scope of useful grafting applications, exploit biodiversity in a unique chimeric plant, and manipulate phenotypic traits by delivering proteins and RNAs across graft unions, are also discussed. Research in this field still has a long way to go before the exciting prospect of deliberately combining multiple plant traits becomes reality.

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Small RNA Based Genetic Engineering for Plant Viral Resistance: Application in Crop Protection

Cited by 91 publications

References 118 publications

Synthetic biology approach for plant protection using dsRNA

Synthetic biology approach for plant protection using dsRNA

Application of Genetic Engineering in Plant Breeding for Biotic Stress Resistance

Molecular Aspects of Grafting in Woody Plants

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