Small rodents as reservoirs of &lt;i&gt;Cryptosporidium&lt;/i&gt; spp. and &lt;i&gt;Giardia&lt;/i&gt; spp. in south-western Poland

Perec-Matysiak, Agnieszka; Buńkowska-Gawlik, Katarzyna; Zaleśny, Grzegorz; Hildebrand, Joanna

doi:10.5604/12321966.1141359

Cited by 34 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Abundance of Cryptosporidium oocyst in the present work may be greatly affected by zoonotic contamination as most tanks were opened making them more liable to rodent feces shown to be reservoir host for Cryptosporidium spp. [57,58] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection rates of waterborne protozoa in water sources from Fayoum Governorate

Sakran

El-Shahawy

Shalaby

et al. 2017

Parasitologists United Journal

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Background: Waterborne protozoal infections are common health problems in many parts of the world especially in developing countries. Water is a major vehicle for transmission of protozoa such as G. lamblia, Cryptosporidium spp. as well as pathogenic and opportunistic free living amoeba (FLA). Objective: This study aims to detect the presence of protozoal agents in tap water and storage water tanks at Fayoum Governorate, Egypt. Material and Methods: A total of ninety five water samples were collected from different water sources, taps (65) and tanks (30), from 6 Fayoum districts. The samples were processed to detect the presence of G. lamblia cysts by Lugol's iodine stain, Cryptosporidium oocysts by modified Ziehl-Neelsen stain and FLA by cultivation. After cultivation, Acanthamoeba spp. were identified according to their morphological features and flagellation test was performed to detect amoeboflagellates. Results: All water samples collected from tanks (100%) were contaminated by protozoa of medical importance, while only 6 (9.2%) of the tap water samples were pathogen free. The majority of water samples were contaminated with mixed protozoal infections. The overall detection rates of contaminants in water sources were 86.3%, 52.6%, 13.7% by FLA, Cryptosporidium spp. and G. lamblia, respectively. Conclusions: The recorded detection rates of waterborne protozoa present a hazard to the community resulting in silent morbidities and mortalities. It is strongly recommended to adopt proper water safety measures.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection rates of waterborne protozoa in water sources from Fayoum Governorate

Sakran

El-Shahawy

Shalaby

et al. 2017

Parasitologists United Journal

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“…In wildlife, C. ubiquitum has been reported sporadically in rodents, wild ruminants, carnivores, marsupials and primates (Table 2) (Perez and Le Blancq, 2001, da Silva et al., 2003, Ryan et al., 2003, Feng et al., 2007, Feng, 2010, Karanis et al., 2007, Ziegler et al., 2007, Wang et al., 2008, Fayer et al., 2010, Cinque et al., 2008, Robinson et al., 2011, Feng et al., 2011b, Abu Samraa et al., 2013, Mi et al., 2013, Murakoshi et al., 2013, Li et al., 2014, Ma et al., 2014, Perec-Matysiak et al., 2015, Qi et al., 2015a, Qi et al., 2015b, Stenger et al., 2015b, Vermeulen et al., 2015). …”

Section: Wildlife Associated Outbreaks and Water Contaminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Public health significance of zoonotic Cryptosporidium species in wildlife: Critical insights into better drinking water management

Zahedi

Paparini

Jian

et al. 2016

International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife

162

144

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Cryptosporidium is an enteric parasite that is transmitted via the faecal–oral route, water and food. Humans, wildlife and domestic livestock all potentially contribute Cryptosporidium to surface waters. Human encroachment into natural ecosystems has led to an increase in interactions between humans, domestic animals and wildlife populations. Increasing numbers of zoonotic diseases and spill over/back of zoonotic pathogens is a consequence of this anthropogenic disturbance. Drinking water catchments and water reservoir areas have been at the front line of this conflict as they can be easily contaminated by zoonotic waterborne pathogens. Therefore, the epidemiology of zoonotic species of Cryptosporidium in free-ranging and captive wildlife is of increasing importance. This review focuses on zoonotic Cryptosporidium species reported in global wildlife populations to date, and highlights their significance for public health and the water industry.

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“…Rodents can carry a multitude of pathogens, including important zoonotic viruses, bacteria and parasites [ 23 – 25 ] and as infections with Giardia spp. are common in wild rodents it has been discussed whether they could play an important role as a reservoir for these potentially zoonotic parasites as well [ 17 , 19 , 24 , 26 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and distribution of Giardia species in wild rodents in Germany

et al. 2018

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BackgroundGiardiasis is an important gastrointestinal parasitic disease in humans and other mammals caused by the protozoan Giardia duodenalis. This species complex is represented by genetically distinct groups (assemblages A-H) with varying zoonotic potential and host preferences. Wild rodents can harbor potentially zoonotic assemblages A and B, and the rodent-specific assemblage G. Other Giardia spp. found in these animals are Giardia muris and Giardia microti. For the latter, only limited information on genetic typing is available. It has been speculated that wild rodents might represent an important reservoir for parasites causing human giardiasis. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence and distribution of Giardia spp. and assemblage types in wild rodents from different study sites in Germany.ResultsScreening of 577 wild rodents of the genera Apodemus, Microtus and Myodes, sampled at eleven study sites in Germany, revealed a high overall Giardia prevalence. Giardia species determination at the SSU rDNA gene locus revealed that Apodemus mice, depending on species, were predominantly infected with one of two distinct G. muris sequence types. Giardia microti was the predominant parasite species found in voles of the genera Microtus and Myodes. Only a few animals were positive for potentially zoonotic G. duodenalis. Subtyping at the beta-giardin (bg) and glutamine dehydrogenase (gdh) genes strongly supported the existence of different phylogenetic subgroups of G. microti that are preferentially harbored by distinct host species.ConclusionsThe present study highlights the preference of G. muris for Apodemus, and G. microti for Microtus and Myodes hosts and argues for a very low prevalence of zoonotic G. duodenalis assemblages in wild rodents in Germany. It also provides evidence that G. muris and G. microti subdivide into several phylogenetically distinguishable subgroups, each of which appears to be preferentially harbored by species of a particular rodent host genus. Finally, the study expands the database of sequences relevant for sequence typing of G. muris and G. microti isolates which will greatly help future analyses of these parasites’ population structure.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s13071-018-2802-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Small rodents as reservoirs of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp. and <i>Giardia</i> spp. in south-western Poland

Cited by 34 publications

References 19 publications

Detection rates of waterborne protozoa in water sources from Fayoum Governorate

Detection rates of waterborne protozoa in water sources from Fayoum Governorate

Public health significance of zoonotic Cryptosporidium species in wildlife: Critical insights into better drinking water management

Occurrence and distribution of Giardia species in wild rodents in Germany

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