Small satellites for space science

Millan, R. M.; Steiger, R. von; Ariel, Meir; Bartalev, Sergey; Borgeaud, M.; Campagnola, Stefano; Castillo‐Rogez, Julie; Fléron, René; Gass, Volker; Gregorio, A.; Klumpar, D. M.; Lal, Bhavya; Macdonald, Malcolm; Park, Jong Uk; Rao, V. Sambasiva; Schilling, Klaus; Stephens, Graeme L.; Title, A. M.; Wu, Ji

doi:10.1016/j.asr.2019.07.035

Cited by 108 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Example measurements include NASA's Van Allen Probes, THEMIS, Magnetospheric Multiscale and SAMPEX; NOAA's GOES and Polar Orbiting Environmental Satellites constellations; LANL's GPS and GEO constellations; Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency's Arase mission; ESA's Cluster and Project for On‐Board Autonomy and Vegetation missions; the BARREL balloon campaigns; low‐altitude CubeSats; and ground‐based observatories, such as magnetometer arrays, broadband high‐frequency and VLF radio waves receivers (e.g., riometers in Canada and Finland, AARDDVARK), and radars. Small satellite missions will play a key role in the future (Millan et al, ).…”

Section: Particle Loss In the Inner And Outer Zonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…the National Space Weather Strategy and Action Plan in and in followed by U.S. Presidential Executive Orders ). For instance, the Committee on Space Research contributes to coordinated actions on space weather research and has recently issued a plan for the development of small‐size satellites that will be key for future scientific missions related to the radiation belts (Millan et al, ). All the current research studies support the conclusion that more validation efforts will be needed, for the next 5 to 10 years, before radiation belt codes reach a good level of predictability.…”

Section: New Radiation Belt Modeling Capabilities and The Quantificatmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Particle Dynamics in the Earth's Radiation Belts: Review of Current Research and Open Questions

et al. 2020

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The past decade transformed our observational understanding of energetic particle processes in near‐Earth space. An unprecedented suite of observational systems was in operation including the Van Allen Probes, Arase, Magnetospheric Multiscale, Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms, Cluster, GPS, GOES, and Los Alamos National Laboratory‐GEO magnetospheric missions. They were supported by conjugate low‐altitude measurements on spacecraft, balloons, and ground‐based arrays. Together, these significantly improved our ability to determine and quantify the mechanisms that control the buildup and subsequent variability of energetic particle intensities in the inner magnetosphere. The high‐quality data from National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Van Allen Probes are the most comprehensive in situ measurements ever taken in the near‐Earth space radiation environment. These observations, coupled with recent advances in radiation belt theory and modeling, including dramatic increases in computational power, have ushered in a new era, perhaps a “golden era,” in radiation belt research. We have edited a Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Science Special Collection dedicated to Particle Dynamics in the Earth's Radiation Belts in which we gather the most recent scientific findings and understanding of this important region of geospace. This collection includes the results presented at the American Geophysical Union Chapman International Conference in Cascais, Portugal (March 2018) and many other recent and relevant contributions. The present article introduces and review the context, current research, and main questions that motivate modern radiation belt research divided into the following topics: (1) particle acceleration and transport, (2) particle loss, (3) the role of nonlinear processes, (4) new radiation belt modeling capabilities and the quantification of model uncertainties, and (5) laboratory plasma experiments.

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Section: Particle Loss In the Inner And Outer Zonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: New Radiation Belt Modeling Capabilities and The Quantificatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particle Dynamics in the Earth's Radiation Belts: Review of Current Research and Open Questions

et al. 2020

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“…Space-borne observations have several advantages, such as providing a wide geographical coverage with one camera, longer recording times, and no weather constraints. The small satellite sector is evolving very quickly, opening up new opportunities for scientific missions (Millan et al 2019). In particular, relatively inexpensive missions make it possible to design swarms of satellites or even constellations dedicated to monitoring the Earth and therefore meteors.…”

Section: Observation From Spacementioning

confidence: 99%

FRIPON: a worldwide network to track incoming meteoroids

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Zanda

Bouley

et al. 2020

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Context. Until recently, camera networks designed for monitoring fireballs worldwide were not fully automated, implying that in case of a meteorite fall, the recovery campaign was rarely immediate. This was an important limiting factor as the most fragile – hence precious – meteorites must be recovered rapidly to avoid their alteration. Aims. The Fireball Recovery and InterPlanetary Observation Network (FRIPON) scientific project was designed to overcome this limitation. This network comprises a fully automated camera and radio network deployed over a significant fraction of western Europe and a small fraction of Canada. As of today, it consists of 150 cameras and 25 European radio receivers and covers an area of about 1.5 × 106 km2. Methods. The FRIPON network, fully operational since 2018, has been monitoring meteoroid entries since 2016, thereby allowing the characterization of their dynamical and physical properties. In addition, the level of automation of the network makes it possible to trigger a meteorite recovery campaign only a few hours after it reaches the surface of the Earth. Recovery campaigns are only organized for meteorites with final masses estimated of at least 500 g, which is about one event per year in France. No recovery campaign is organized in the case of smaller final masses on the order of 50 to 100 g, which happens about three times a year; instead, the information is delivered to the local media so that it can reach the inhabitants living in the vicinity of the fall. Results. Nearly 4000 meteoroids have been detected so far and characterized by FRIPON. The distribution of their orbits appears to be bimodal, with a cometary population and a main belt population. Sporadic meteors amount to about 55% of all meteors. A first estimate of the absolute meteoroid flux (mag < –5; meteoroid size ≥~1 cm) amounts to 1250/yr/106 km2. This value is compatible with previous estimates. Finally, the first meteorite was recovered in Italy (Cavezzo, January 2020) thanks to the PRISMA network, a component of the FRIPON science project.

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“…Even though numerous companies are developing small launch vehicles, most of the developments may not reach maturity thus limiting access to space. Currently, Northrop Grumman Pegasus, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) Epsilon and Rocket Lab Electron rocket are the only operational small launch vehicles [13,14]. Secondly, there are limited retrieval options to retrieve samples from orbit.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ Measurement of Carbon Fibre/Polyether Ether Ketone Thermal Expansion in Low Earth Orbit

et al. 2020

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The low Earth orbit (LEO) environment exposes spacecraft to factors that can degrade the dimensional stability of the structure. Carbon Fibre/Polyether Ether Ketone (CF/PEEK) can limit such degradations. However, there are limited in-orbit data on the performance of CF/PEEK. Usage of small satellite as material science research platform can address such limitations. This paper discusses the design of a material science experiment termed material mission (MM) onboard Ten-Koh satellite, which allows in situ measurements of coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) for CF/PEEK samples in LEO. Results from ground tests before launch demonstrated the feasibility of the MM design. Analysis of in-orbit data indicated that the CTE values exhibit a non-linear temperature dependence, and there was no shift in CTE values after four months. The acquired in-orbit data was consistent with previous ground tests and in-orbit data. The MM experiment provides data to verify the ground test of CF/PEEK performance in LEO. MM also proved the potential of small satellite as a platform for conducting meaningful material science experiments.

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Small satellites for space science

Cited by 108 publications

References 25 publications

Particle Dynamics in the Earth's Radiation Belts: Review of Current Research and Open Questions

Particle Dynamics in the Earth's Radiation Belts: Review of Current Research and Open Questions

FRIPON: a worldwide network to track incoming meteoroids

In Situ Measurement of Carbon Fibre/Polyether Ether Ketone Thermal Expansion in Low Earth Orbit

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