Small-scale household biogas digesters: An option for global warming mitigation or a potential climate bomb?

Bruun, Sander; Jensen, Lars Stoumann; Vu, Van Thi Khanh; Sommer, Sven G.

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2014.02.033

Cited by 123 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Anaerobic reactors and anaerobic digestion of sludge can be used to treat wastewater, stabilize sludge, and remove pathogens that are susceptible to microbial and thermal degradation. However, if improperly managed, production of methane from the anaerobic process can contribute considerably to climate change because methane has a much greater greenhouse gas potential than carbon dioxide (Bruun et al, 2014). Next, the largest component of wastewater is water, on average over 99% (WWDR, 2017).…”

Section: Potential Of Resource Recovery and Reuse That Is Linked To Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Introduction to the Importance of Sanitation

Naughton¹,

Mihelcic²

2019

Water and Sanitation for the 21st Century: Health and Microbiological Aspects of Excreta and Wastewater Management (Global Wate

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Section: Potential Of Resource Recovery and Reuse That Is Linked To Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Introduction to the Importance of Sanitation

Naughton¹,

Mihelcic²

2019

Water and Sanitation for the 21st Century: Health and Microbiological Aspects of Excreta and Wastewater Management (Global Wate

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“…The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) states that methane is a GHG of 20 times more heat-absorbing than CO 2 when in the atmosphere [28]. The impact of methane in GHG is 25 times higher than impact of CO 2 based on an observation period of 100 years [29][30][31]. However, using biogas as a renewable energy to replace other energy sources will mitigate potential of GHGs contributing to global warming [32].…”

Section: Benefits Of Energy Recovery and Global Warming Mitigationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another concern is gas leaking in the operational process. Very little information is available about methane losses from small-scale biogas digester, but Sander et al [30] reported approximately 40% CH 4 losses from small-scale digesters by emission from inlet and outlet, leaking from cracked/broken cap of digester or non-airtight gas valves and intentional releases. It was estimated that about 2 m 3 of gas emission per year from inlet and outlet occurred from a fixed dome biogas digester [36].…”

Section: Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was estimated that about 2 m 3 of gas emission per year from inlet and outlet occurred from a fixed dome biogas digester [36]. Regarding the emissions from intentional release of excess biogas, Bruuna et al [30] reported that up to 15% of gas produced in Thailand was released. This is possibly higher in Vietnam, especially in summer when high temperatures leads to gas forming faster due to strong growth of bacteria.…”

Section: Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

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Small-Scale Household Biogas Digesters as a Viable Option for Energy Recovery and Global Warming Mitigation—Vietnam Case Study

Ho¹,

Roberts²,

Lucas³

2015

JAST-A

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Abstract:Biogas from livestock waste is considered as clean and renewable energy in Vietnam. In the last 20 years, in rural and remote areas of Vietnam, there has been a significant increase of small-scale household biogas digesters. Biogas digesters create the benefits of replacing energy and mitigation of climate change caused by greenhouse gas (GHG) emission and deforestation for firewood and charcoal. Livestock waste produces approximately 85 million tonnes every year and continues to increase, meaning there are huge feedstocks for biogas digesters to meet the energy demands in households. However, there are also many constraints on the development programme for small-scale household biogas digester. In Vietnam, the socio-economic situation and the lack of a sustainable energy policy for biogas from livestock sector are hindering the growth of the biogas digester industry. Government subsidies are needed to encourage farmers to participate. This paper will be helpful not only for the sustainable development of household biogas in Vietnam, but also for the developing program of biogas generation in developing countries with similar agricultural economies to Vietnam.

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“…In some parts of the world this technology is very common. For example, in India and China over 34 million small-scale anaerobic digesters have been installed (Bruun et al 2014). In the U.S., the technology is less commonly applied; however, when it is used it is almost exclusively realized as large digester systems which often service an entire agricultural facility (Bangalore et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Food Service Sustainability in Suburban Environments by Optimally Locating Shared Anaerobic Digester Units

Loraamm¹,

Downs²,

Bair³

et al. 2017

SubSust

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Anaerobic digestion is an effective method for reducing food waste at the consumer level. Drawbacks associated with this strategy include high construction costs for multiple digester units and limited public awareness of the method's commercial potential. Given the large scale problem of food waste, an approach establishing community partnerships between local businesses and primary schools is offered to combat the problem of food waste. Optimizing the placement of shared digester units enabling utilization by multiple stakeholders is the suggested mitigation method. This research explores application of the p-median problem to determine the set of optimal site(s) for shared anaerobic digester units among restaurants in a suburban setting, using schools as potential digester sites. The p-median problem was applied to determine optimal sites for locating these facilities in the study area. The p-median problem seeks to locate p facilities at i locations while minimizing the total transportation cost necessary to satisfy customer demand, where each customer is supplied from the closest facility. Five scenarios were evaluated, including runs with a p equal to 1, 5, 10, 25 and 50 facilities respectively, using an estimated acceptable transportation distance of 250 meters between waste producers and digester facilities. Results were evaluated in terms of the number of producer locations serviced relative to the p number of digester facilities desired. This application demonstrates how the pmedian problem can serve as a useful planning tool, providing options to planners interested in effective facilities placement for studies aimed at food waste reduction.

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Small-scale household biogas digesters: An option for global warming mitigation or a potential climate bomb?

Cited by 123 publications

References 29 publications

Introduction to the Importance of Sanitation

Introduction to the Importance of Sanitation

Small-Scale Household Biogas Digesters as a Viable Option for Energy Recovery and Global Warming Mitigation—Vietnam Case Study

Towards Food Service Sustainability in Suburban Environments by Optimally Locating Shared Anaerobic Digester Units

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