Small-Signal Modeling and Configuration Analysis of Grid-Forming Converter under 100% Renewable Electricity Systems

Jiang, Kezheng; Liu, Dan; Cao, Kan; Xiong, Ping; Ji, Xiaotong

doi:10.3390/electronics12194078

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In response to the existential threat to humanity caused by climate change and global warming, the development of renewable energy generation technology has become a crucial decision for countries worldwide in addressing energy issues [1][2][3]. According to the latest data from the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) [4], the global installed capacity of renewable energy generation reached 3381.76 GW in 2022, with hydropower accounting for 39.69% and solar power accounting for 30.01% of the total capacity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Method of Multi-Energy Complementary System Participating in Auxiliary Frequency Regulation of Power Systems

Zhang,

Chen,

Guo

et al. 2024

Electronics

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This research investigates a grid with two areas interconnected by a high-voltage direct-current (DC) link. One of the areas, called the sending-end region, has intermittent renewable generation and frequency stability issues. To address the lack of frequency-regulation (FR) resources in the sending-end region of the interconnected grid, the participation of hydroelectricity–photovoltaics and pumped storage complementary systems (HPPCSs) in auxiliary frequency-regulation (AFR) services is studied in the context of the construction of the electricity market. Firstly, the HPPCS participating in AFR services considering DC modulation is modeled by combining the operational characteristics of the actual power station. Taking the purchase cost of auxiliary service as the objective function, the optimum allocation of FR scheduling demand is achieved by the proposed method. The simulations confirm that the proposed method of HPPCS participation in the AFR service of the sending-end grid can effectively maintain the frequency stability of the regional interconnected grid while ensuring optimal economic efficiency. The proposed method provides the optimal scheduling solution for multiple energy resources participating in the AFR service of the grid.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Method of Multi-Energy Complementary System Participating in Auxiliary Frequency Regulation of Power Systems

Zhang,

Chen,

Guo

et al. 2024

Electronics

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“…By simulating the characteristics of a synchronous generator, a GFM applies the rotor motion equations of the synchronous generator and the primary frequency modulation to the control of the inverter [9] so that the external characteristics of the inverter present the inertia and damping characteristics similar to those of the synchronous generator [10]. The system voltage and frequency can be established independently [11,12], thus effectively improving the stability of the power system [13]. In the GFMs above, it is assumed that the impedance of the line is purely inductive, and this assumption is consistent with the case of high-voltage grids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disturbance Rejection Control of Grid-Forming Inverter for Line Impedance Parameter Perturbation in Weak Power Grid

Huang,

2024

Electronics

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When a grid-forming (GFM) inverter is connected to a low- or medium-voltage weak power grid, the line impedance with resistive and inductive characteristics will cause power coupling. Typical GFM decoupling control strategies are designed under nominal line impedance parameters. However, there are deviations between the nominal line impedance and actual parameters, resulting in poor decoupling effects. Aiming at this problem, this paper proposes a power decoupling strategy based on a reduced-order extended state observer (RESO). Firstly, the power dynamic model of the GFM is established based on the dynamic phasor method. Then, the model deviation and power coupling due to line impedance parameter perturbation are estimated as internal disturbances of the system, and the disturbances are compensated on the basis of typical power control strategy and virtual impedance decoupling. Good decoupling performance is obtained under different impedance parameters, improving the control strategy’s robustness. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by the results of RT Box hardware-in-the-loop experiments.

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Study on the Evolutionary Process and Balancing Mechanism of Net Load in Renewable Energy Power Systems

Hu,

Yang,

Guo

et al. 2024

Energies

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With the rapid development of renewable energy sources such as wind and solar, the net load characteristics of power systems have undergone fundamental changes. This paper defines quantitative analysis indicators for net load characteristics and examines how these characteristics evolve as the proportion of wind and solar energy increases. By identifying inflection points in the system’s adjustment capabilities, we categorize power systems into low, medium, and high renewable energy penetration. We then establish adjustment models that incorporate traditional coal power, hydropower, natural gas generation, adjustable loads, system interconnections, pumped-storage hydroelectricity, and new energy storage technologies. A genetic algorithm is employed to optimize and balance the net load curves under varying renewable energy proportions, analyzing the mechanism behind net load balance. A case study, based on real operational data from 2023 for a provincial power grid in western China, which is rich in renewable resources, conducts a quantitative analysis of the system’s adjustment capability inflection point and net load balancing strategies. The results demonstrate that the proposed method effectively captures the evolution of the system’s net load and reveals the mechanisms of net load balancing under different renewable energy penetration levels.

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Small-Signal Modeling and Configuration Analysis of Grid-Forming Converter under 100% Renewable Electricity Systems

Cited by 3 publications

References 32 publications

Method of Multi-Energy Complementary System Participating in Auxiliary Frequency Regulation of Power Systems

Method of Multi-Energy Complementary System Participating in Auxiliary Frequency Regulation of Power Systems

Disturbance Rejection Control of Grid-Forming Inverter for Line Impedance Parameter Perturbation in Weak Power Grid

Study on the Evolutionary Process and Balancing Mechanism of Net Load in Renewable Energy Power Systems

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