Small-size resonant photoacoustic cell with reduced window background for laser detection of gases

Gorelik, A. V.; Starovoitov, V. S.

doi:10.1134/s0030400x0911023x

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…A conventional resonant cell has been miniaturised by Gorelik and Starovoitov [ 338 ] . Although apparently simple (see Figure 56 The quartz-enhanced PAS (QEPAS) system of Rice University was also designed with acoustic noise suppression in mind.…”

Section: Photoacoustic Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optical gas sensing: a review

Hodgkinson

Tatam

2012

Meas. Sci. Technol.

1,349

858

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The detection and measurement of gas concentrations using the characteristic optical absorption of the gas species is important for both understanding and monitoring a variety of phenomena from industrial processes to environmental change. This article reviews the field, covering several individual gas detection techniques including non-dispersive infrared (NDIR), spectrophotometry, tunable diode laser spectroscopy and photoacoustic spectroscopy. We present the basis for each technique, recent developments in methods and performance limitations. The technology available to support this field, in terms of key components such as light sources and gas cells, has advanced rapidly in recent years and we discuss these new developments. Finally, we present a performance comparison of different techniques, taking data reported over the preceding decade, and draw conclusions from this benchmarking.

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Section: Photoacoustic Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Miniature resonant photoacoustic cell designed by Gorelik and Starovoitov, with an optical pathlength of 1 cm. Shading indicates the amplitude of pressure waves in the resonant acoustic mode.Windows were placed at the Brewster angle  B to the optical path and the microphone was placed at position M. After[338].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical gas sensing: a review

Hodgkinson

Tatam

2012

Meas. Sci. Technol.

1,349

858

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“…The most accurate way of optimization can be performed with the help of a numeric simulation, which gives the three-dimension amplitude distribution for the resonant acoustic standing waves and estimates correctly the spatial acoustic signals to be generated inside the cell. Our recent study demonstrates that such a numeric-simulation-based optimization allow one to minimize the parasite acoustic signals (the noise to be initiated by external acoustic disturbances, the background due to absorption and reflection of laser beam by the cell windows), which can play a great negative role for the small-sized cells [29,30]. The standard finite-element method, which gives the direct numerical solution of acoustic Helmholtz equation, is a reliable wellproven technique to be applied for optimizing the design of photoacoustic cell [31][32][33][34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A miniaturized prototype of resonant banana-shaped photoacoustic cell for gas sensing

Ulasevich

Gorelik

Kouzmouk

et al. 2013

Infrared Physics & Technology

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A resonant photoacoustic cell intended for laser-spectroscopy gas sensing is represented. This cell is a miniature imitation of a macro-scale banana-shaped cell developed previously. The parameters, which specify the cavity shape, are chosen so as not only to provide optimal cell operation at a selected acoustic resonance but also to reduce substantially the cell sizes. A miniaturized prototype cell (the volume of acoustic cavity of ~ 5 mm 3 ) adapted to the narrow diffraction-limited beam of near-infrared laser is produced and examined experimentally. The noise-associated measurement error and laser-initiated signals are studied as functions of modulation frequency. The background signal and the useful response to light absorption by the gas are analyzed in measurements of absorption for ammonia in nitrogen flow with the help of a pigtailed DFB laser diode oscillated near a wavelength of 1.53 µm. The performance of prototype operation at the second longitudinal acoustic resonance (the resonance frequency of ~ 32.9 kHz, Q-factor of ~ 16.3) is estimated. The noise-limited minimal detectable absorption normalized to laser-beam power and detection bandwidth is ∼ 8.07·10 -8 cm -1 W Hz -1/2 . The amplitude of the background signal is equivalent to an absorption coefficient of ~ 2.51·10 -5 cm -1 . Advantages and drawbacks of the cell prototype are discussed. Despite low absorption-sensing performance, the produced miniaturized cell prototype shows a good capability of gas-leak detection.

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“…These ducts are located aside the optical path of the light beam. The cell is equipped with windows, which will introduce a parasitic background signal [16]. As the buffers are of a relatively large volume, this signal will be strongly attenuated.…”

Section: Open Photoacoustic Helmholtz Cellmentioning

confidence: 99%

Signal-to-Noise Analysis of the Improved Open Photoacoustic Helmholtz Cell

Geras

2014

Int J Thermophys

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Open photoacoustic cells are often used in continuous-flow photoacoustic measurements. Such cells are sensitive to external noise penetration. The improved open photoacoustic Helmholtz cell has much better external noise attenuation than the previously known designs. This paper describes how mechanical dimensions of such a cell influence its signal-to-noise ratio. The analysis was performed by means of computer simulations based on the loss-improved transmission line model. This research showed that the mechanical parameters affect signal-to-noise noticeably and, if they are properly chosen and applied in the design of the improved open cell, the resulting signal-to-noise ratio may be improved by almost 60 dB in comparison to previous designs of open photoacoustic Helmholtz cells.

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Small-size resonant photoacoustic cell with reduced window background for laser detection of gases

Cited by 11 publications

References 11 publications

Optical gas sensing: a review

Optical gas sensing: a review

A miniaturized prototype of resonant banana-shaped photoacoustic cell for gas sensing

Signal-to-Noise Analysis of the Improved Open Photoacoustic Helmholtz Cell

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