Small System Collectivity in Relativistic Hadronic and Nuclear Collisions

Nagle, J. L.; Zajc, W. A.

doi:10.1146/annurev-nucl-101916-123209

Cited by 296 publications

(238 citation statements)

References 183 publications

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“…Hydrodynamic simulations of these large nuclear systems describe the observed correlations in exquisite detail with a minimal number of parameters (1). In smaller systems such as proton-proton (pp) and proton-nucleus (pA) long range flow-like correlations amongst the produced particles have also been observed (2,3), and these observations drive current research into the equilibration mechanism of the QGP. This research aims to understand how the observed correlations change with system size, and approach the hydrodynamic regime for large nuclei.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The First fm/c of Heavy-Ion Collisions

Schlichting

Teaney

2019

Annu. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci.

115

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We present an introductory review of the early time dynamics of highenergy heavy-ion collisions and the kinetics of high temperature QCD. The equilibration mechanisms in the quark-gluon plasma uniquely reflect the non-abelian and ultra-relativistic character of the many body system. Starting with a brief expose of the key theoretical and experimental questions, we provide an overview of the theoretical tools employed in weak coupling studies of the early time non-equilibrium dynamics. We highlight theoretical progress in understanding different thermalization mechanisms in weakly coupled non-abelian plasmas, and discuss their relevance in describing the approach to local thermal equilibrium during the first fm/c of a heavy-ion collision. Some important connections to the phenomenology of heavy-ion collisions are also briefly discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The First fm/c of Heavy-Ion Collisions

Schlichting

Teaney

2019

Annu. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci.

115

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“…However, recent experimental data imply the QGP formation even in small colliding systems (for reviews, see, e.g., Refs. [6,7]). One of those data shows sizable azimuthal anisotropy in final hadron distributions [8][9][10][11][12][13][14], which can be interpreted as a result of the hydrodynamic response of the QGP medium to the initial collision geometry [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unified description of hadron yield ratios from dynamical core-corona initialization

2020

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We develop the dynamical core-corona initialization framework as a phenomenological description of the quark gluon plasma (QGP) fluids formation in high-energy nuclear collisions. Using this framework, we investigate the fraction of the fluidized energy to the total energy and strange hadron yield ratios as functions of multiplicity and scrutinize the multiplicity scaling of hadron yield ratios recently reported by ALICE Collaboration. Our results strongly indicate that the QGP fluids are partly formed even at the averaged multiplicity for non-single diffractive p+p events.

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“…Studies of small collision systems in high multiplicity events is attracting considerable interest [1] because of the collective phenomena which attribute to the formation of a strongly-interacting collectively-expanding quark-gluon medium [2][3][4][5]. A remarkable similarity has been observed between strange particles production in pp collisions and that in Pb-Pb collisions, suggesting the possibility of deconfined QCD phase formation in small systems [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Saturation momentum scale extracted from semi-inclusive transverse spectra in high-energy pp collisions

Osada

Kumaoka

2019

Phys. Rev. C

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Geometric scaling is well confirmed for transverse momentum distributions observed in protonproton collisions at LHC energies. We introduced multiplicity dependence on a saturation momentum of the geometrical scaling, assuming the scaling holds for semi-inclusive distributions as well as for inclusive distributions. The saturation momentum is usually given by Bjorken's x variable, but redefinition of the scaling variable can make the saturation momentum a function of collision energy W . We treat the energy as a free parameter (denoted W * to distinguish it from W ) and associate the energy-dependent saturation momentum Qsat(W * ) with particle number density. By using Qsat(W * ) for a scaling variable τ , we show semi-inclusive distributions can be geometrically scaled. i.e., all semi-inclusive spectra observed at W =0.90, 2.76 and 7.00 TeV overlap one universal function. The particle density dependences of mean transverse momentum pT for LHC energies scales in terms of Qsat(W * ). Furthermore, our model explains a scaling property of event-by-event pT fluctuation measure √ Cm/ pT at LHC energies for pp collisions, where Cm is two-particle transverse momentum correlator. Our analysis of the pT fluctuation makes possible to evaluate a non-perturbative coefficient of the gluon correlation function.

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Small System Collectivity in Relativistic Hadronic and Nuclear Collisions

Cited by 296 publications

References 183 publications

The First fm/c of Heavy-Ion Collisions

The First fm/c of Heavy-Ion Collisions

Unified description of hadron yield ratios from dynamical core-corona initialization

Saturation momentum scale extracted from semi-inclusive transverse spectra in high-energy pp collisions

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