Small variation of glucosinolate composition in Japanese cultivars of radish (&lt;i&gt;Raphanus sativus&lt;/i&gt; L.) requires simple quantitative analysis for breeding of glucosinolate component

Ishida, Masahiko; Nagata, Minoru; Ohara, Takayoshi; Kakizaki, Tomohiro; Hatakeyama, K.; Nishio, Takeshi

doi:10.1270/jsbbs.62.63

Cited by 49 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…However, wide genetic variations in the contents and composition of glucosinolates have been reported from previous studies (Carlson et al 1987, Ishida et al 2012a, Padilla et al 2007, Rosa et al 1997, Verkerk et al 2009, Yang and Quiros 2010). In general, there is greater diversity exists in both the amount and profile of glucosinolate in B. oleracea as opposed to B. rapa .…”

Section: Breeding Emphasizing Glucosinolatesmentioning

confidence: 90%

Glucosinolate metabolism, functionality and breeding for the improvement of Brassicaceae vegetables

et al. 2014

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Unique secondary metabolites, glucosinolates (S-glucopyranosyl thiohydroximates), are naturally occurring S-linked glucosides found mainly in Brassicaceae plants. They are enzymatically hydrolyzed to produce sulfate ions, D-glucose, and characteristic degradation products such as isothiocyanates. The functions of glucosinolates in the plants remain unclear, but isothiocyanates possessing a pungent or irritating taste and odor might be associated with plant defense from microbes. Isothiocyanates have been studied extensively in experimental in vitro and in vivo carcinogenesis models for their cancer chemopreventive properties. The beneficial isothiocyanates, glucosinolates that are functional for supporting human health, have received attention from many scientists studying plant breeding, plant physiology, plant genetics, and food functionality. This review presents a summary of recent topics related with glucosinolates in the Brassica family, along with a summary of the chemicals, metabolism, and genes of glucosinolates in Brassicaceae. The bioavailabilities of isothiocyanates from certain functional glucosinolates and the importance of breeding will be described with emphasis on glucosinolates.

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Section: Breeding Emphasizing Glucosinolatesmentioning

confidence: 90%

Glucosinolate metabolism, functionality and breeding for the improvement of Brassicaceae vegetables

et al. 2014

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“…GSLs were desulfurized with sulfatase (Sigma) according to the method of Bjerg and Sørensen (1987), and desulfo-GSLs were subjected to HPLC, as reported in our previous study (Ishida et al, 2012). HPLC was performed on an LC-20A chromatograph (Shimadzu) fitted with a 5C 18-MS-II column (150 mm 3 4.6 mm i.d., 5 mm; Nacalai Tesque).…”

Section: Extraction and Hplc Analysis Of Gslsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Glucoraphasatin is the predominant GSL in the root and accounts for more than 90% of the total GSLs present in Japanese cultivars (Ishida et al, 2012). Recently, the genome sequence and transcriptome profiles of radish have facilitated studies on the GSL biosynthetic pathway by profiling of GSL synthesis-associated genes of Arabidopsis (Wang et al, 2013;Kitashiba et al, 2014;Mitsui et al, 2015;Wu et al, 2015).…”

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A 2-Oxoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase Mediates the Biosynthesis of Glucoraphasatin in Radish

et al. 2017

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Glucosinolates (GSLs) are secondary metabolites whose degradation products confer intrinsic flavors and aromas to Brassicaceae vegetables. Several structures of GSLs are known in the Brassicaceae, and the biosynthetic pathway and regulatory networks have been elucidated in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). GSLs are precursors of chemical defense substances against herbivorous pests. Specific GSLs can act as feeding blockers or stimulants, depending on the pest species. Natural selection has led to diversity in the GSL composition even within individual species. However, in radish (Raphanus sativus), glucoraphasatin (4-methylthio-3-butenyl glucosinolate) accounts for more than 90% of the total GSLs, and little compositional variation is observed. Because glucoraphasatin is not contained in other members of the Brassicaceae, like Arabidopsis and cabbage (Brassica oleracea), the biosynthetic pathways for glucoraphasatin remain unclear. In this report, we identified and characterized a gene encoding GLUCORAPHASATIN SYNTHASE 1 (GRS1) by genetic mapping using a mutant that genetically lacks glucoraphasatin. Transgenic Arabidopsis, which overexpressed GRS1 cDNA, accumulated glucoraphasatin in the leaves. GRS1 encodes a 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase, and it is abundantly expressed in the leaf. To further investigate the biosynthesis and transportation of GSLs in radish, we grafted a grs1 plant onto a wild-type plant. The grafting experiment revealed a leaf-to-root long-distance glucoraphasatin transport system in radish and showed that the composition of GSLs differed among the organs. Based on these observations, we propose a characteristic biosynthesis pathway for glucoraphasatin in radish. Our results should be useful in metabolite engineering for breeding of high-value vegetables.

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“…Radish roots have been reported to have GLs such as GRH, GER, and GRE in common in previous studies. 15,17 In addition to these three major GL compounds, we identified four additional GLs: PRO, GBN, 4HGBS, and 4MGBS.…”

Section: Journal Of Agricultural and Food Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Root Glucosinolate Profiles for Screening of Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) Genetic Resources

Yi¹,

Lim²,

Chae

et al. 2015

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Radish (Raphanus sativus L.), a root vegetable, is rich in glucosinolates (GLs), which are beneficial secondary metabolites for human health. To investigate the genetic variations in GL content in radish roots and the relationship with other root phenotypes, we analyzed 71 accessions from 23 different countries for GLs using HPLC. The most abundant GL in radish roots was glucoraphasatin, a GL with four-carbon aliphatic side chain. The content of glucoraphasatin represented at least 84.5% of the total GL content. Indolyl GL represented only 3.1% of the total GL at its maximum. The principal component analysis of GL profiles with various root phenotypes showed that four different genotypes exist in the 71 accessions. Although no strong correlation with GL content and root phenotype was observed, the varied GL content levels demonstrate the genetic diversity of GL content, and the amount that GLs could be potentially improved by breeding in radishes.

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Small variation of glucosinolate composition in Japanese cultivars of radish (<i>Raphanus sativus</i> L.) requires simple quantitative analysis for breeding of glucosinolate component

Cited by 49 publications

References 27 publications

Glucosinolate metabolism, functionality and breeding for the improvement of Brassicaceae vegetables

Glucosinolate metabolism, functionality and breeding for the improvement of Brassicaceae vegetables

A 2-Oxoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase Mediates the Biosynthesis of Glucoraphasatin in Radish

Root Glucosinolate Profiles for Screening of Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) Genetic Resources

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