Smaller Vehicle versus Larger Vehicle Collisions

Severy, Derwyn M.; Brink, Harrison M.; Blaisdell, David M.

doi:10.4271/710861

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…For every crash between 2 cars of known mass-car a and car b -we can define a mass ratio, µ, as (1) and a driver fatality risk ratio, R, as (2) .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When 75 kg of cargo is added to car 1 , the size term remains fixed at 1/(1400 + 1400), but the intrinsic mass term becomes (1400/ 1475) 1.79 = 0.911 for one driver and (1475/ 1400) 1.79 =1.098 for the other. Thus, the cargo reduces the risk to driver 1 by 8.9% but increases the risk to driver 2 by 9.8%, leading to a total risk increase of 0.4%.…”

Section: Derivations From Relation Between Driver Risk and Both Car Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The many relations that are reported between fatality risk and car mass [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] and between fatality risk and car size 3,9,10,[17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] cannot distinguish between such causal contributions, because mass and size are so highly correlated. 19 The equation derived expresses the risk to a driver as a function of the size and mass of both involved cars.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3][4][5] The question of how adding mass to an existing car affects safety, however, has remained unanswered. One common way to express this question is "Am I safer if I put bricks in my trunk?"…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Causal influence of car mass and size on driver fatality risk

Evans

2001

Am J Public Health

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OBJECTIVES: This study estimated how adding mass, in the form of a passenger, to a car crashing head-on into another car affects fatality risks to both drivers. The study distinguished the causal roles of mass and size. METHODS: Head-on crashes between 2 cars, one with a right-front passenger and the other with only a driver, were examined with Fatality Analysis Reporting System data. RESULTS: Adding a passenger to a car led to a 14.5% reduction in driver risk ratio (risk to one driver divided by risk to the other). To divide this effect between the individual drivers, the author developed equations that express each driver's risk as a function of causal contributions from the mass and size of both involved cars. Adding a passenger reduced a driver's frontal crash fatality risk by 7.5% but increased the risk to the other driver by 8.1%. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of a passenger reduces a driver's frontal crash fatality risk but increases the risk to the driver of the other car. The findings are applicable to some single-car crashes, in which the driver risk decrease is not offset by any increase in harm to others. When all cars carry the same additional cargo, total population risk is reduced.

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“…For every crash between 2 cars of known mass-car a and car b -we can define a mass ratio, µ, as (1) and a driver fatality risk ratio, R, as (2) .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Derivations From Relation Between Driver Risk and Both Car Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Causal influence of car mass and size on driver fatality risk

Evans

2001

Am J Public Health

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show abstract

“…It has been well established for over three decades that when traffic crashes occur, occupants in heavier/larger vehicles are at lower risk than occupants in lighter/smaller vehicles. [1][2][3][4][5] Since then support and details have been added by many studies through the latest. 6 Policies aimed at reducing fuel use have led to lighter vehicles, which have increased traffic fatalities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%