Smallholders’ land access in Sub-Saharan Africa: A new landscape?

Deininger, Klaus; Savastano, Sara; Xia, Fang

doi:10.1016/j.foodpol.2016.09.012

Cited by 119 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…The reason for dramatic increase in the year 2000 may be that having a land use certificate improved the sense of tenure security of farm households and reduced their reluctance to lease out land though this is not witnessed in the descriptive evidence from the supply side of the market . Overall, the data used provides a balanced sample from both sides of the tenancy market (especially, with the last three data cohorts) suggesting there is no evidence of under-counting of landlords relative to tenants as claimed by Deininger, Savastano, and Xia (2017) and Chamberlin and Ricker-Gilbert (2016). This could be due to the predominance of sharecropping arrangements in the study area, which lowers the chances of being an absentee landlord as compared to fixed (cash) rental arrangements.…”

Section: Descriptive Analysismentioning

confidence: 95%

Land rental markets and rural poverty dynamics in Northern Ethiopia: Panel data evidence using survival models

Ghebru

Holden

2018

Review Development Economics

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There is growing interest in understanding the links between land reforms, land markets, and poverty reduction in Africa. The study uses four‐wave panel data from the northern highlands of Ethiopia to assess the dynamics of rural poverty taking into account the status of participation of rural households in the land rental market. Applying both nonparametric (Kaplan–Meier estimator) and semi‐parametric survival models that control for duration dependence of poverty transition, results show participation and degree of participation on the supply side of the tenancy market (landlords) have highly significant and positive effect on the chances of escaping poverty while the same cannot be said about the demand side of the tenancy market (tenants). The empirical evidence also confirms that households headed by older and literate people have relatively larger exit rates from poverty as compared with households headed by younger and illiterate ones. Though transacting farmers may engage themselves in win–win rental arrangements by the time they join the tenancy market, results indicate that gains are unequal as those tenants who enter the markets from low economic leverage (were poor) are liable to face a lower margin of net gains, which may limit their ability to move out of poverty.

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Section: Descriptive Analysismentioning

confidence: 95%

Land rental markets and rural poverty dynamics in Northern Ethiopia: Panel data evidence using survival models

Ghebru

Holden

2018

Review Development Economics

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“…While this is not evidence of intrinsic superiority of smaller farms per se-it may well be the endogenous outcome of the various factor market imperfections or behavioral phenomena that generate these patterns 10 --the historical evidence from Asia (Ravallion and Chen, 2007), and more recently also from densely populated African countries such as Ethiopia and Rwanda (World Bank, 2015a,b), shows that increasing smallholder productivity can induce rapid poverty reduction, at least in the initial stages. Studying land rental markets in six African countries, Deininger, Savastano and Xia (2016) also find that, despite significant inefficiencies, land rentals are already occurring, transferring land to land-poor and labor-rich producers. Proper land certification is in some cases also having positive impacts for smallholders, inducing them to maintain soils, make productive investments, and enhance land productivity (Holden et al 2008).…”

Section: Structural Features Of African Food Systems That Impede a Stmentioning

confidence: 98%

On the Structural Transformation of Rural Africa

Barrett

Christiaensen

Sheahan³

et al. 2017

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“…Across SSA, issues around land are highly contentious, and this is worsened when water issues are introduced. The key land issues of concern in the region include: access to land (individual or collective), rights to land (individual or collective), land tenure (formal or informal), land tenure security (secured or insecure), land governance (transparency and accountability), the use of land (extensive or intensive) and the management of land (protective or productive) [64,65]. In addition, land tenure has bearings on food production, water rights for irrigation, and the expansion of land under bioenergy uses, hence the WEF nexus [10].…”

Section: Land and The Wef Nexusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospects for Improving Irrigated Agriculture in Southern Africa: Linking Water, Energy and Food

Mabhaudhi

Mpandeli

Nhamo

et al. 2018

Water

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Increasing agricultural productivity has always been a prominent feature on the regional agenda due to a high incidence of food and nutrition insecurity. This review assessed the current status of irrigated agriculture in southern Africa from a water–energy–food (WEF) nexus perspective. Gaps and opportunities for improving irrigated agriculture within the context of the WEF nexus were also assessed in terms of the feasible limits to which they can be exploited. Southern Africa faces water scarcity, and climate projections show that member states will face increased physical and/or economic water scarcity by as early as 2025, which will have negative impacts on water, energy and food production. Recurrent droughts experienced across the region reaffirm the sensitive issues of food and energy insecurity as well as water scarcity. Projections of an increasing population within the region indicate increased water, energy and food demand. With agriculture already accounting for about 70% of water withdrawals, increasing the area under irrigation will place additional demand on already strained energy grids and scarce water resources. This poses the question—is increasing irrigated agriculture a solution to improving water access, food security and energy supply? While there are prospects for increasing the area under irrigation and subsequent improvement in agricultural productivity, adopting a WEF nexus approach in doing so would mitigate trade-offs and unintended consequences. Consideration of the WEF nexus in integrated resources planning and management eliminates the possibilities of transferring problems from one sector to other, as it manages synergies and trade-offs. While it is acknowledged that improving water productivity in irrigated agriculture could reduce water and energy use while increasing yield output, there is a need to decide how such savings would then be reallocated. Any intervention to increase the irrigated area should be done in the context of a WEF nexus analytical framework to guide policy and decision-making. Technical planning should evolve around the WEF nexus approach in setting targets, as WEF nexus indicators would reveal the performance and impact of proposed interventions on any of the three WEF nexus components.

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Smallholders’ land access in Sub-Saharan Africa: A new landscape?

Cited by 119 publications

References 60 publications

Land rental markets and rural poverty dynamics in Northern Ethiopia: Panel data evidence using survival models

Land rental markets and rural poverty dynamics in Northern Ethiopia: Panel data evidence using survival models

On the Structural Transformation of Rural Africa

Prospects for Improving Irrigated Agriculture in Southern Africa: Linking Water, Energy and Food

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