“…The early visionaries [11][12][13][14][15] depicted the Smart Cities of the future as fully connected urban communities supported by various forms of pre-deployed infrastructure, such as sensor networks, ubiquitous and pervasive wireless communication infrastructure, powerful computing and storage devices, and multi-modal programmable sensor nodes. As depicted in Figure 1, the Smart City will leverage this infrastructure to deliver numerous "smart services" including smart healthcare [16][17][18], smart homes [19,20], smart transportation [21,22], smart workplaces [23], smart government [24,25], among many others. In modern terminology, the Smart Cities are all instances of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) wherein the cyber and physical components feed, condition, and learn from each other.…”